Swelling of clay-sulfate rocks is a major threat in tunneling. It is triggered by the transformation of the sulfate mineral anhydrite into gypsum as a result of water inflow in anhydrite-containing layers after tunnel excavation. The present study investigates the hydraulic effects of tunneling on groundwater flow and analyzes how hydraulic changes caused by excavation lead to water inflow into...

This study focuses on the economization of natural anhydrite, which has a wide range uses and is environmentally friendly, in Türkiye. Anhydrite, one most common evaporitic minerals world, almost no usage area Evaporite deposits consisting gypsum, halite, bassanite selenite are prominent country, especially Tertiary period sedimentary basins. The Sivas basin these important Mining operates carr...

Introduction: Chemical interactions between Venus’ atmosphere and surface rocks may be crucial to understanding the atmosphere’s composition [1-3], and to interpreting surface geology and physical properties [2,4,5]. Most studies have emphasized the atmosphere – its composition and ‘chemical sediments,’ and few have focused on what happens to basalts and their minerals in reaction with the atmo...

The present work describes the viability of a mortar binder based on two industrial by-products: poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) particles from scrap and anhydrite (CaSO4) from fluorgypsum. Mortar composites were made incorporating different amounts of PVC particles and cured at constant room temperature during various periods of time. From X-ray diffraction, it was possible to follow the hydration ...

An original and detailed study focusing the petrography of evaporites from the Late Aptian deposits exposed in the eastern and southern São Luís-Grajaú Basin is presented herein, with the attempt of distinguishing between primary and secondary evaporites, and reconstructing their post-depositional evolution. Seven evaporites phases were recognized: 1. chevron gypsum; 2. nodular to lensoidal gyp...

The porosity of a zone can be estimated either from a single “porosity log” (sonic, density, neutron, or magnetic resonance log) or a combination of porosity logs, in order to correct for variable lithology effects in complex reservoirs. In the carbonates, mineral mixtures are primarily drawn from calcite, dolomite, and quartz (either as sand grains or as chert); anhydrite and gypsum may also o...

A characterization study was performed on the spent oil shale (oil shale ash) obtained from the combustion of Jordanian oil shale. This characterization utilized different analytical techniques. These include scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrum analysis, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and Qemscan. During the combustion process, minimal fragmentation was encounter...