Sustaining arctic/subarctic ecosystems and the livelihoods of northern Indigenous peoples is an immense challenge amid increasing resource development. The paper describes a "tragedy of open access" occurring in Canada's north as governments open up new areas of sensitive barren-ground caribou habitat to mineral resource development. Once numbering in the millions, barren-ground caribou populat...

abstract:â green spaces, especially urban gardens have been a subject of study in many countries for a long time, but the subject has been mostly overlooked in iran. therefore, this study tries to analyze the changes in land use and how we can protect green spaces (gardens) in jahrom in line with sustainable development in 1996-2006. the data in this study were collected through local investiga...

The Norse discovery of Greenland is associated with the sighting of low barren islands called Gunnbjörn's Skerries, which have never been satisfactorily identified. Here the historical references that connect the skerries to Greenland are reviewed. A mirage of the Greenland coast, arising specifically from optical ducting under a sharp temperature inversion, is used to explain the vision of ske...

Various viewpoints were proposed to explain the causes of recent years’ severe drought occurred in Yunnan and Guizhou, China. In general there are two parties of viewpoints, the Eucalyptus cause and climate change cause. I think Yunnan-Guizhou drought has been mainly caused by abnormal climate change. Eucalyptus was not significant in the formation of Yunnan-Guizhou drought. However, the forest...

Change detecting and timely updating of residential areas is widely recognized as one of the most challenging tasks for an operational GIS. High spatial resolution satellite data provide an efficient source of information. This paper describes a hierarchical object-oriented approach for extracting residential areas from IKONOS and SPOT5 images acquired in 2001 and 2004, respectively. Hierarchic...

The process of land use change and urban sprawl has been considered as a prominent characteristic of urban development. This study aims to investigate urban growth process in Bandar Abbas city, Iran, focusing on urban sprawl and land use change during 1956-2012. To calculate urban sprawl and land use changes, aerial photos and satellite images are utilized in different time spans. The results d...