bandwidth labelling is a well known research area in graph theory. we provide a new proof that the bandwidth of mobius ladder is 4, if it is not a $k_{4}$, and investigate the bandwidth of a wider class of mobius graphs of even strips.

This paper presents the design, simulation, and measurement of two low-cost broadband circularly polarized (CP) printed antennas: a single element and an array at C band. The proposed single element antenna is excited by an L-shaped strip with a tapered end, located along the circular-slot diagonal line in the back plane. From the array experimental results, the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth can r...

In this paper we introduce a simple, computationally inxepentsive, adaptive recursive structure for enhancing bandpass signals highly corrupted by broad-band noise. This adaptive algorithm, enhancing input signals, enables us to estimate the center frequency and the bandwidth of the input signal. In addition, an important feature of the proposed structure is that the conventional bias existing ...

A modified circular patch antenna design has been proposed in this paper, the bandwidth of this antenna is optimized using the genetic algorithm (GA) based on fuzzy decision-making. This design is simulated with HP HFSS Program that based on finite element method. This method is employed for analysis at the frequency band of 1.4 GHz- 2.6 GHz. It gives good impedance bandwidth of the order o...

In this paper we introduce a simple, computationally inxepentsive, adaptive recursive structure for enhancing bandpass signals highly corrupted by broad-band noise. This adaptive algorithm, enhancing input signals, enables us to estimate the center frequency and the bandwidth of the input signal. In addition, an important feature of the proposed structure is that the conventional bias existing ...

This paper presents a novel implementation of an electromagnetically coupled patch antenna using air gap filled substrates to achieve the maximum bandwidth. We also propose an efficient modeling technique using the FDTD method which can substantially reduce the simulation cost for modeling the structure. The simulated results have been compared with measurement to show the broadband behavio...

The aim of this paper is to minimize output phase noise for the pure signal synthesis in the frequency synthesizers. For this purpose, first, an exact mathematical model of phase locked loop (PLL) based frequency synthesizer is described and analyzed. Then, an exact closed-form formula in terms of synthesizer bandwidth and total output phase noise is extracted. Based on this formula, the phase ...

In this paper a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented to design a compact stepped triangle shape antenna in order to obtain the proper UWB bandwidth as defined by FCC. By changing the various cavity dimensions of the antenna, data to develop PSO program in MATLAB is achieved. The results obtained from the PSO algorithm are applied to the antenna design to fine-tune the bandwi...