Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) are composed of mobile stations communicating through wireless links, without any fixed backbone support. In these networks, limited power energy supply, and frequent topology changes caused by node mobility, makes their routing a challenging problem. TORA is one of the routing protocols that successfully copes with the nodes’ mobility side effects, but it do...

In this paper, we use Genetic Algorithms to find the Minimum Connected Dominating Set (MCDS) of Unit Disk Graphs (UDG). UDGs are used for modeling ad-hoc networks and finding MCDS in such graphs is a promising approach to construct an efficient virtual backbone in wireless ad-hoc networks. The MCDS problem is proved to be NP-complete. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outp...

One promising solution to improve the efficiency of wireless networks is to control the number of nodes involved in multi-hop routing by employing virtual backbone. On the one hand, a virtual backbone becomes more efficient as its size is getting smaller. However, as the size of a virtual backbone is getting smaller, the throughput of the virtual backbone is degraded since the length of a routi...

In some underwater sensor networks, sensor nodes may be deployed at various depths of an ocean making those networks threedimensional (3D). While most terrestrial sensor networks can usually be modeled as two dimensional (2D) networks, these underwater sensor networks must be modeled as 3D networks. This leads to new research challenges in the area of network architecture and topology. In this ...

We present a new approach for routing in multi-tier heterogeneous wireless mobile ad hoc networks. This protocol, namely multi-virtual backbone protocol (MVP), naturally addresses key challenges arising from multi-tier wireless networks such as the coverage asymmetry and node heterogeneity. It also supports various QoS needs by constructing and maintaining QoS-specific virtual backbone infrastr...