background: at the present time, massage has become a popular therapy employed in complementary medicine. there is evidence showing that back massage might have many positive psychological effects, possibly due to having many autonomic nervous system afferent inputs. one of the frequent positions during massage is prone position. however, there has been limited research investigating the effect...

BACKGROUND Back pain is a common complication of wheelchair-bound elderly people. Seating system is a key factor that influences spinal curvature, back muscle activation, interface pressure, and comfortability. A seating system can maintain lumbar lordosis, lower back muscle activity, and decrease ischial tuberosities pressure, which reduces spinal load and directly influences sitting comfort. ...

Abstract In this paper, the shock train in isolator is taken as research object, and method of detecting leading edge position during self-excited oscillation forced studied by conducting wind tunnel test. A steady-state throttling system a fluctuating are designed to apply required back pressure downstream isolator. Then, four methods ratio method, difference standard deviation Fast Fourier Tr...

After-treatment technologies are adopted in automobiles and ships to meet strict emission regulations, which increase exhaust back pressure. Furthermore, underwater exhaust systems are employed on board ships to save space, and reduce noise and pollution on working decks. However, water at exhaust outlet creates a flow resistance for the exhaust gases, which adds to the back pressure. High back...