INTRODUCTION Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a common and costly health problem yet current treatments demonstrate at best, small effects. The concurrent application of treatments with synergistic clinical and mechanistic effects may improve outcomes in chronic LBP. This pilot trial aims to (1) determine the feasibility, safety and perceived patient response to a combined transcranial direct cur...

A falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is commonly utilized to make structural evaluation of pavement systems, which applies impulsive force at a surface of pavement and measure surface deflections. Static back-calculation employs only peak force and peak deflections, while dynamic back calculation uses time histories of both. Since dynamic analysis of elastic multi-layered systems required in it...

Many researchers have failed to utilize back-calculation to estimate traffic emissions effectively or have obtained unclear results. In this study, the back-calculation of traffic-related PM10 emission factors based on roadside concentration measurements was analyzed. Experimental conditions were considered to ensure the success of back-calculation. Roadside measurements were taken in a street ...

Back-calculation is a process whereby generally unobservable features of an event leading to a disease outbreak can be inferred either in real-time or shortly after the end of the outbreak. These features might include the time when persons were exposed and the source of the outbreak. Such inferences are important as they can help to guide the targeting of mitigation strategies and to evaluate ...

This paper proposes results on calculation of the back flux for the case of pulsed laser evaporation into vacuum. On the basis of the direct Monte Carlo simulation, one-dimensional plane expansion of vapor cloud was calculated for a wide range of the number of evaporated monolayers. A substantial back flux rise is observed if the rotational degrees of freedom are taken into account. Influence o...

Growth rates within and among sea turtles are highly variable, and gaining an understanding of this variability is difficult using traditional means, such as mark–recapture. Skeletochronology is becoming a standard technique for the assessment of individual growth rates in sea turtles. Here we present an analysis of the relationship between humerus diameter and somatic growth in loggerhead sea ...

Nanocrystallite α-cordierite glass-ceramics are synthesized using a modified Pechini method. The structural and lattice modes of the products are investigated via XRD and Micro Raman back-scattering spectroscopy. The Debye-Scherrer formula is used to confirm the grain sizes estimated by the SEM slides. Dielectric coefficients calculation and DTA analysis are used to study the synthesized nanocr...