INTRODUCTION A study was conducted to define the pattern of baby walker usage and the rate of walker-related injuries in infants, as well as to determine the effects of baby walkers on the start of independent walking among infants. METHODS Families of infants aged six months to two years who presented at health facility clinics in 2007 and 2008 were enrolled in the study. The study team inte...

OBJECTIVES To identify the rate of baby walker use, parental attitudes, and associated injuries. DESIGN Parents of babies attending clinics for developmental assessment were surveyed by self administered questionnaire about their use, attitudes, and history of injuries associated with walkers. SETTING Dublin, Ireland. SUBJECTS Parents of 158 babies. RESULTS Fifty five per cent of the sa...

OBJECTIVES To examine recent trends in baby walker and exersaucer use, and to assess maternal motivations for choosing to use or not use these devices with children. SETTING Small, Midwestern city in the United States. METHODS Retrospective telephone survey with a sample of 329 mothers who provided information about their use of walkers and exersaucers with 463 children born in Columbia, Mi...

Based on estimates from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), there were about 25,000 baby walker-related injuries treated annually in U.S. hospital emergency departments during the early 1990s. This amounted to about 8 injuries for every 1000 baby walkers in use. Most injuries resulted from falls down stairs. After CPSC initiated a regulatory proceeding in 1994, the CPSC staff wo...

The weight of a baby at birth has important impacts for his future development. When babies are born weighing less than 2500 grams, the international standard for low birth weight (LBW), their mortality rates are higher than those of their normal birthweight counterparts (Walker et al. 2007). If an LBW baby does survive, his future is much grimmer than that of a normal birth weight baby. Educat...

In this paper we begin by examining the “certification” of a consumer product, a baby walker, that is product-focused, i.e., the certification process requires the performance of precisely defined tests on the product with measurable outcomes. We then review current practices in software certification and contrast the software regime’s process-oriented approach to certification with the product...

In rhesus-negative women who have had previous babies severely affected by rhesus incompatibility, the maternal rhesus antibody titre during a subsequent pregnancy offers only a poor indication of the degree to which the developing foetus will be affected. This has induced workers to look for laboratory tests that can give more reliable information. In an attempt to detect excessive haemolysis ...

Exchange transfusion of the newly born baby affected with Rh hemolytic diseas' was introduced by Diamond in 1947. As a result of its fuller development, an' particularly repeated exchange transfusion for severe cases, at least 95 per cent o'v live-born affected babies may be saved by this treatment (Walker, 1959). Attention ijc now being directed therefore to the prevention of stillbirth, and, ...

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the epidemiology of injuries associated with nursery products among young children treated in US emergency departments. METHODS Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System were retrospectively analyzed for patients aged <3 years who sustained an injury associated with a nursery product from 1991 through 2011. RESULTS An esti...