background: telomerase activity increases in cancer cells. bcl-2 is an antiapoptotic factor that its concentration grows in many cancer cells including hepatocellular carcinoma cells. in this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effects of a new synthetic compound, platinum azidothymidine (pt-azt) on treatment of rats with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) and to compare its effects with ...

BACKGROUND The connection domain mutation N348I confers resistance to zidovudine (AZT) and is associated with the lamivudine (3TC) mutation M184V. We explored the biochemical and virological influence of N348I in the context of M184V. METHODS Genotypic resistance data for patients receiving monotherapy or dual therapy with AZT, lamivudine (3TC), or AZT/3TC were analyzed. Rates of N348I emerge...

This study has determined the effect of liposomal encapsulation on the hematopoietic toxicity and antiviral activity of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) in mice. Daily intravenous administration in the dose range 0.4 to 10 mg/kg body weight for 5 days significantly depressed bone marrow cellularity with a corresponding decrease in red blood cell, blood neutrophil, and monocyte numbers. Maximum ...

These studies were performed to characterize the contribution of the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes to the clearance of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) in vivo and to assess the regulation of UGT activity [including the disposition of the cofactor uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDPGA)] in the placenta. Transport of AZT and the cofactor UDPGA across the human pl...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro combination effects of aztreonam (AZT) and aminoglycosides against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in Japan. We investigated 47 MDR P. aeruginosa strains collected from 8 facilities. We selected the aminoglycosides amikacin (AMK), gentamicin (GM), and arbekacin (ABK) to examine their effects when combined with AZT u...

Despite the numerous drawbacks, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT, Zidovudine, Retrovir) remains one of the key drugs used in the treatment and prevention of HIV infection in both monotherapy and HAART. A strategy in searching for new effective and safe AZT agents among latent (depot) forms of AZT has yielded its first positive results. In particular, the sodium salt of AZT 5'-H-phosphonate (Nika...

Deoxynucleoside analogs, AZT and/or ddN, are the therapeutic agents currently utilized to inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase. The effects of their anabolic products, AZT-triphosphate (AZT-TP) and ddCTP on human cellular DNA metabolic processes were studied using highly purified, structurally and enzymatically defined forms of the two major human host DNA polyme...

Zidovudine (AZT) induced concentration related aggregation in C. mrigala melanophores. Denervated melanophores failed to respond to AZT. Specific and nonspecific alpha adrenoceptor antagonists completely blocked the responses of fish melanophores to AZT. Histamine and prostaglandin antagonists also inhibited aggregation of the melanophores induced by AZT. The results suggest that AZT may releas...

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is currently prescribed to pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus to reduce the risk of vertical transmission of the virus to the fetus. Consequently, more information is needed concerning the placental transfer and tissue distribution of AZT and its metabolites. In the present study, the placental transfer and fetal accumulation of AZT, its g...

We have reported that 5-fluorouracil can increase the cytotoxic and antineoplastic activity of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT). To further evaluate the antineoplastic utility of AZT we now have assessed its effect in combination with methotrexate (MTX) in the human colon tumor model HCT-8. Incubation of these cells for 5 days in AZT and MTX caused a reduction in the 50% inhibitory concentratio...