PURPOSE The primary objective of this study was to define the ultrasound-derived anatomy of the axillary/subclavian vessels. As a secondary objective, we evaluated the relationship between the vascular anatomy and demographic, anthropometric, and hemodynamic data of patients. METHODS This observational anatomical study used bedside ultrasound with 150 cardiac surgical patients in the operatin...

Knowledge of muscular, vascular, and neural variations in the axilla is of great clinical importance, especially in mastectomies, breast reconstruction, and axillary bypass operations. In the present paper, we report unilateral variations observed in the axillary region of a male cadaver. A fibromuscular axillary arch was observed on the right side. On the same side, there was a bifurcated axil...

Knowledge of anatomic variants of veins in the arm and axilla play a key role in planning of successful venous access. Possible anatomic variants of axillary vein, brachial vein and basilic vein and their clinical implications have been well described in the literature. We report a rare case of formation of a short axillary vein associated with complex venous communications between the basilic ...

OBJECTIVE Minimally invasive multiple vessel revascularization has been accomplished using all arterial graft concepts and aortocoronary vein grafts. The aim of the present study was to determine the technical feasibility of minimally invasive axillary artery to coronary artery vein grafting in the human cadaver. METHODS In seven human cadavers the axillary artery was approached bilaterally v...

BACKGROUND The aim of this explorative morphologic study was to determine the position and frequency of the valves in the axillary and subclavian veins. METHODS The position and frequency of the valves in the subclavian and axillary veins were studied macroscopically in 59 limbs from 30 cadavers. We measured in situ with a measuring tape, starting from the venous angle toward the initiation o...

Atypical anatomy may be encountered unexpectedly and undiagnosed in clinical practice, and this is especially important during the performance of interventional procedures such as transvenous implantation of cardiac electronic devices. The body of the first rib can be absent. If this not noticed, pneumo-/haemothroax may be induced during subclavian vein puncture as the needle may enter the firs...

Background: Contrast-guided axillary vein puncture has gained popularity for pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation in adults owing to its low risk profile, and could be an alternative to subclavian vein puncture, which is commonly performed in children. The Medtronic 3830 lead is a 4.1F lumenless catheter-delivered lead which may be particularly well-suited for...

UPPER limb thrombosis accounts for only one per cent of all deep vein thromboses.' This may be because there are fewer valves in the arm veins, along with increased fibrinolytic activity and decreased hydrostatic pressure.2 The aetiology is primary and secondary. The primary cause is thought to be mechanical due to anatomical factors in that the axillary vein passes through a triangle composed ...

Results One patient with subclavian artery aneurysm underwent resection of the aneurysm and subclavian-axillary bypass surgery with brachial embolectomy using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft; whereas the other patient underwent resection of the aneurysm and subclavian-axillary bypass surgery with saphenous vein graft. In addition to resection of the aneurysm, three out of 6 patients with...