PURPOSE Recently, arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been revealed to have diverse functional roles in nervous tissues beyond that of a vasoconstrictor. Several previous studies have indicated the existence of AVP in the retina, but the source of AVP has not been determined. The objective of the present study was to address the question of whether retinal cells have the ability to synthesize endoge...

Although central administration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been reported to increase arterial pressure mediated by activation of the sympathetic system, we found that peripheral blockade of sympathetic transmission did not attenuate this pressor response. To elucidate the mechanism, rats were pretreated with either phentolamine (3 mg/kg), chlorisondamine (2.5 mg/kg), a vasopressin V1 rec...

The vascular effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) were examined in conscious Sprague-Dawley rats. In six control rats, synthetic AVP at a dose of 40 ng/kg, injected as an intravenous bolus, resulted in a rise in mean arterial blood pressure (BP) from 127 to 149 mm Hg (P < 0.005). No tachyphylaxis was observed after a second AVP bolus administered 30 min later, as BP increased from 125 to 150 m...

Using the isolated rat kidney perfused with an artificial medium containing glucose as the sole fuel, we studied the renal handling of immunoreactive arginine vasopressin (AVP) and determined the effect of various factors on the ability of the kidney to remove AVP. In control kidneys perfused with AVP at concentrations below 116 muU/ml, the organ clearance of AVP (OC(AVP)) was 1,145+/-47 (SE) m...

Apelin, a recently isolated neuropeptide that is expressed in the supraoptic and the paraventricular nuclei, acts on specific receptors located on vasopressinergic neurons. The increased phasic pattern of these neurons facilitates sustained antidiuresis during dehydration or lactation. Here, we investigated whether apelin interacts with arginine vasopressin (AVP) to maintain body fluid homeosta...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is secreted via exocytosis; however, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the exocytosis of AVP remains to be elucidated. To better understand the mechanisms of AVP secretion, in our study we have identified proteins that bind with a 25 kDa synaptosomal-associated protein (SNAP25). SNAP25 plays a crucial role in exocytosis, in the posterior pituitary. Embryonic ...

In adulthood the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis is controlled by both CRH and arginine vasopressin (AVP). However, in neonates CRH secretion is very low, whereas AVP secretion is fully functional. This suggests that the role of AVP is more pronounced in young than in adult rats. We investigated the role of AVP by studying stress responses in 5, 10, and 20-d-old AVP-deficient Brattleboro rat...

This study explored an effector mechanism associated with the arginine vasopressin (AVP) recognition site in the hippocampus, namely, potentiation of norepinephrine (NE)-induced cAMP accumulation in the surviving hippocampal slice. The biochemical mechanisms that underlie the AVP potentiation were investigated as follows: First, the actions of AVP upon NE-induced accumulation of cAMP in hippoca...

Aeromonas veronii is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes diarrhoea and extraintestinal infections, such as wound infection and septicaemia. An A. veronii protease (AVP) from a biovar sobria strain, AeG1, was partially purified and characterized. Mature AVP hydrolysed casein but not elastin, and protease activity was inhibited by metalloprotease inhibitors. Nucleotide sequence analysis s...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to share our experience of transcatheter closure of small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by using an Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP). METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 20 patients who underwent transcatheter closure at Samsung Medical Center and Sejong General Hospital from January 2008 to August 2012. The size and shape of the PDAs were evaluated ...