Immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the FOXP3 gene that result in the defective development of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells which constitute an important T cell subset involved in immune homeostasis and protection against autoimmunity. Their deficiency is the hallmark of IPEX and leads to severe autoimmune phen...

A 62-year-old woman complaining of severe malabsorption was diagnosed with celiac disease based on the findings of flat, small intestinal mucosa and HLA-DQ2 positivity, although celiac serology was negative. This diagnosis was questioned due to the lack of clinical and histological improvement after a long period of strict gluten-free diet. The detection of enterocyte autoantibodies guided to t...

Chronic, unexplained diarrhea in children younger than 3 months old was first characterized as “intractable diarrhea” [1]. The term “protracted diarrhea” was used later to describe infants with frequent and loose stools severe enough to often require parenteral alimentation as nutritional support [2]. The differential diagnosis of enteropathies in infancy and childhood includes inherited epithe...

Gluten sensitive enteropathy also known as Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder which occurs in the presence of HLA DQ2 & DQ8 gene genetically susceptible individuals. Homoeopathy can direct treatment constitutionally and therapeutically. Gliadin a derivative gluten is modified by TTG seen antigen to Antigen presenting cells. The lead failure thrive.

The underlying causes of chronic diarrhea beginning early in life are increasingly well defined. Infectious and post-infectious enteropathies and food sensitive/allergic enteropathy account for the majority of cases. Recent attention has focused on characterizing defined entities, which cause protracted diarrhea in infants and young children. Disorders of intestinal ion transport usually presen...