Higher-order risk attitudes other than risk aversion (e.g., prudence and temperance) play vital roles both in theoretical and empirical work. While the literature has mainly focused on how they entail a preference for combining “good” outcomes with “bad” outcomes, We consider here an alternative approach which relates higher-order risk attitudes to the sign of correlation. The theoretical resul...

Intervention or evaluation studies represent a small proportion of traffic psychology research. The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a road safety intervention by measuring attitudes toward unsafe driving behaviors and risk perception. A sample of high school students (n=133) participated in a road safety intervention program focusing on attitudes and risk perceptions of young peopl...

OBJECTIVES To describe the older population's attitudes toward suicide and assisted suicide, and to determine whether lenient attitudes are associated with known demographic and psychosocial risk factors for completed suicide. DESIGN Telephone survey conducted by the Gallup Organization in November 1992. PARTICIPANTS A sample of 802 adults in the United States (541 women and 261 men) aged 6...

BACKGROUND As regulation of tobacco products tightens, there are concerns that illicit markets may develop to supply restricted products. However, there are few validated measures to assess attitudes or purchase intentions toward contraband tobacco (CT). As such, it is important to investigate individual level characteristics that are associated with the purchase and use of contraband tobacco. ...

People living with HIV (PWHIV) face negative attitudes that isolate and discourage them from accessing services. Understanding negative attitudes and the social environment can lead to more effective health promotion strategies and programs. However, a scale to measure attitudes has been lacking. We developed and validated attitudes toward PWHIV Scale to examine trends in attitudes toward PWHIV...

We examine risk attitudes under regret theory and derive analytical expressions for two components—the resolution and regret premiums—of the risk premium under regret theory. We posit that regret-averse decision makers are risk seeking (resp., risk averse) for low (resp., high) probabilities of gains and that feedback concerning the forgone option reinforces risk attitudes. We test these hypoth...