BACKGROUND Pathophysiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not known, and therefore the present study investigated mitochondrial defects, if any in cybrids created from patients and control population. METHODS To investigate mitochondrial pathology in ADHD, cybrids cell lines were created from ADHD probands and controls by fusing their platelets with ρ0-cells prepared fr...

Members of the family Carangidae are top-level predators and highly prized food and sport fishes. Although ecologically and economically important, little is known about the biology of numerous species in the family. This is particularly true of the jacks Caranx ignobilis and C. melampygus, which have experienced recent population reductions around the high Hawaiian Islands due to overfishing. ...

In patients with mitochondrial disease a continuously increasing number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and polymorphisms have been identified. Most pathogenic mtDNA mutations are heteroplasmic, resulting in heteroduplexes after PCR amplification of mtDNA. To detect these heteroduplexes, we used the technique of denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). The complete mito...

BACKGROUND Lacking suitable alternatives, the control of malaria increasingly depends upon Artemisinin Combination Treatments (ACT): resistance to these drugs would therefore be disastrous. For ACTs, the biology of resistance to the individual components has been investigated, but experimentally induced resistance to component drugs in combination has not been generated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL...

and VIIIb (I. M. Fearnley, unpublished work), and the cytochrome bc, subunit IX [16], have been recorded satisfactorily in conventional solvents containing acetonitrile or methanol, and in some cases in chloroform/methanol also [5]. However, it is not possible to record spectra of the large proteolipids such as ND2 and ATPase6 in solvents based on acetonitrile or methanol, as large hydrophobic ...

Infertility affects about 10-15% of all couples attempting pregnancy with infertility attributed to the male partner in approximately half of the cases. Proposed causes of male infertility include sperm motility disturbances, Y chromosome microdeletions, chromosomal abnormalities, single gene mutations, and sperm mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rearrangements. To investigate the etiology of decr...

Maintaining lipid membrane integrity is an essential aspect of plant tolerance to high temperature. P4-type ATPases are responsible for flipping and stabilizing asymmetric phospholipids in membrane systems, though their functions in stress tolerance are not entirely clear. Aminophospholipid ATPase6 (ALA6) is a member of the P4-type ATPase family, which has 12 members in Arabidopsis thaliana. He...