trifluoromethylated organic compounds, especially chiral quaternary alcohols bearing trifluoromethyl group are of important intermediates in drugs, agrochemicals and etc.an efficient epoxidation of β-cf3-β,β-disubstituted unsaturated ketones (6) has been developed with environmental benign hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant and f5-substituted chiral quaternary ammonium salt (1g or 5) derived from...

background: existence or non-existence of adverse selection in insurance market is one of the important cases that have always been considered by insurers. adverse selection is one of the consequences of asymmetric information. theory of adverse selection states that high-risk individuals demand the insurance service more than low risk individuals do. methods: the presence of adverse selection ...

Article history: In Caenorhabditis elegans, W Received for publication 28 July 2008 Revised 14 January 2009 Accepted 17 January 2009 Available online 29 January 2009

this work deals with effects of asymmetric stiffness on the dynamic behaviour of the rotor system. the analysis is presented through an extended lagrangian hamiltonian mechanics on the asymmetric rotor system, where symmetries are broken in terms of the rotor stiffness. the complete dynamics of asymmetries of rotor system is investigated with a case study. in this work, a mathematical model is ...

this paper investigates asymmetric behaviors of income inequality and consumption expenditures inequalities, the relationships between them and sketches their trends in the iranian households’ survey for the period of 1979 to 2006. for this purpose, and to analyze the relationships between variables panel data methodology was employed. results indicate that all the fluctuations of income inequa...

This paper examines downward price rigidity in Iranian house market and discusses whether this characteristic would result in an asymmetric relationship between house price and monetary policy. To test the downward house price rigidity the threshold GARCH model is employed. The asymmetric adjustment to monetary policy is examined using the asymmetric cointegration and error correction models. T...

credence goods market is one of the markets that the asymmetric information has transformed it to a missing market. those goods and services that the applicant cannot determine the exact amount of their expenses due to the asymmetric information are called credence goods. from the economists' perspective, transaction in a market where participants are ignorant about each other is a game wi...

During asymmetric division, a cell polarizes and differentially distributes components to its opposite ends. The subsequent division differentially segregates the two component pools to the daughters, which thereby inherit different developmental directives. In Drosophila sensory organ precursor cells, the localization of Numb protein to the cell's anterior cortex is a key patterning event and ...

We intend to show that transient chaos is a very appealing, but still not widely appreciated, subfield of nonlinear dynamics. Besides flashing its basic properties and giving a brief overview of the many applications, a few recent transient-chaos-related subjects are introduced in some detail. These include the dynamics of decision making, dispersion, and sedimentation of volcanic ash, doubly t...