Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles with an essentially oxidative type of metabolism. Like chloroplasts and mitochondria, plant peroxisomes also produce superoxide radicals (O2*(-)) and there are, at least, two sites of superoxide generation: one in the organelle matrix, the generating system being xanthine oxidase, and another site in the peroxisomal membranes dependent on NAD(P)H. In perox...

The glutathione-ascorbate redox pathway in chloroplasts is a complex network of spontaneous, photochemical, and enzymatic reactions for detoxifying hydrogen peroxide. This article presents a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the system. A model has been constructed to simulate oxidative stress conditions, enabling steady-state concentrations of the metabolites involved in the pathway and ph...

Abstract Plant growth regulators melatonin (MT) and salicylic acid (SA) have potent roles in plant salt tolerance. However, only a few reports studied the influence of their combined treatment on The current study, as first investigation, was aimed to evaluate effect MT SA antioxidant glyoxalase defense machineries salt-stressed wheat plants. In present potential role 70 μM and/or 75 mg l −1 mi...

Nitric oxide (NO) modulates plant response by post-translationally modifying proteins, mainly through S-nitrosylation. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle participates removal of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, relationship between S-nitrosylation and role tomato APX (SlAPX) under nitrate stress is still unclear. In this study, enzyme activity, mRNA expres...

Alternative oxidase (AOX) has been documented to mitigate the oxidative stress caused by abiotic stresses. However, it remains unknown how AOX regulates antioxidant system and photosynthesis under waterlogging. To address this issue, we used two watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) cultivars (waterlogging tolerant cultivar ‘YL’ sensitive ‘Zaojia8424’) as materials inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid ...

In this work the influence of the nodulation of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants on the oxidative metabolism of different leaf organelles from young and senescent plants was studied. Chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes were purified from leaves of nitrate-fed and Rhizobium leguminosarum-nodulated pea plants at two developmental stages (young and senescent plants). In these cell organelles,...

Glutathione deficiency, induced in adult mice by administering buthionine sulfoximine (an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis), led to a rapid and substantial increase in ascorbate in the liver. This effect was apparent 2-4 hr after giving the inhibitor; subsequently, the level of ascorbate decreased and that of dehydroascorbate increased markedly, supporting the conclusion that glutathione func...

Ascorbate (AsA)-glutathione (GSH) cycle metabolism has been regarded as the most important defense mechanism for the resistance of plants under stress. In this study the influence of salicylic acid (SA) was studied on ascorbate-glutathione pathway, S-assimilation, photosynthesis and growth of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants subjected to 100 mM NaCl. Treatment of SA (0.5 mM) alleviated the n...