Growth rate, soluble-protein content, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion, and digestive-enzyme activity were studied in Litopenaeus setiferus early postlarvae under four feeding regimens that included combinations of freshly hatched Artemia nauplii, microparticulate commercial diet, and algae. Growth and of postlarvae fed a mixed diet were significantly higher. Artificial diet used alone cau...

Many researchers investigating plant-insect interactions maintain their insect colonies on artificial diet and assume that salivary enzymes and elicitors remain representative of natural situations. These salivary elicitors, such as the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOX), play important roles in influencing plant defense responses. In fact, GOX has been implicated in suppressing induced nicotine-prod...

The impact of a zoophytophagous, insect-free artificial diet upon the developmental rate, life table parameters, and fertility table parameters was examined over 11 consecutive generations for domesticated and wild colonies of Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). This study showed that the developmental time, preoviposition period, fecundity, and nymphal survival improved in...

BACKGROUND The flower bug Orius sauteri is an important polyphagous predator that is widely used for the biological control of mites and aphids. However, the optimal conditions for mass rearing of this insect are still unclear, thus limiting its application. METHODOLOGY In this study, we investigated the optimal ingredients of an artificial diet for raising O. sauteri using a microencapsulati...

The impact of a zoophytogenous, insect-free artificial diet on the developmental rate, life history parameters, and fertility was examined over 11 consecutive generations for domesticated Perillus biocullatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). This study showed that when fed an insect-free artificial diet during both the nymphal and adult stages, developmental times were prolonged, and the net r...

Artificial diets prepared with wheat germ, soybean protein, dextrosol, potato starch, sucrose, cellulose, soybean or sunflower oil, and vitamin solution for rearing Nezara viridula (L.) and Euschistus heros (Fabricius) were tested under controlled temperature (25 +/- 1 degrees C), RH (60 +/- 10%), and photophase (14h). Three diets were tested and compared with the natural diet privet [soybean a...

The plant bug Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) is a major pest on Bt cotton and multiple crops in northern China. A modified NI artificial diet called T7 was developed to rear this pest for 10 successive generations both individually and in groups. This T7 diet was similar in components and preparation process to the NI diet used for Lygus hesperus in North America, but was comprised of more whole ...

A flightless strain of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae) was fed, at the larval and/or adult stage, on a liverbased artificial diet supplemented with lin-seed oil, which is rich in α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3), an essential lipid for the fecundity of different insect species, and other unsaturated fatty acids. Biochemical analyses revealed that, compared to Ephestia kuehniell...

A series of bioassays were conducted to determine the response of adult western tarnished plant bugs, Lygus hesperus Knight (Heteroptera: Miridae), to artificial diets containing potassium chloride (KCl). We first examined the feeding behavior of L. hesperus by direct observation in a no-choice diet feeding arena. We observed a total of 22 Lygus feeding events lasting an average of 411 ± 64 s o...