Figure 1. Phylogeny of novel ARL plastids and their environmental distribution. (A) Rooted phylogeny of plastid 16S rRNA showing the positions of all new apicomplexanrelated lineages (ARL, white type on black). For each plastid lineage, the number of environmental sequences detected is shown in the grey box (for alveolates this includes all sequences identified, for other groups only sequences ...

Cilia are microtubule-based cell appendages, serving motility, chemo-/mechano-/photo- sensation, and developmental signaling functions. Cilia are comprised of distinct structural and functional subregions including the basal body, transition zone (TZ) and inversin (Inv) compartments, and defects in this organelle are associated with an expanding spectrum of inherited disorders including Bardet-...

Apart from Bayesian approaches, the average run length (ARL) to false alarm has always been seen as the natural performance criterion for quantifying the propensity of a detection scheme to make false alarms, and no researchers seem to have questioned this on grounds that it does not always apply. In this article, we show that in the change-point problem with mixture pre-change models, detectio...

gluD was highly conserved and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) was readily expressed in vitro by all 77 Clostridium difficile ribotypes assayed. All ribotypes, including ARL 002, ARL 027, and ARL 106, were reactive in assays that detect C. difficile GDH.

The exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) X chart is effective in detecting small shifts. However, the EWMA X chart is not robust enough to prevent errors in estimating the process standard deviation or a changing standard deviation. To overcome this problem, Zhang et al. suggested the EWMA t chart in 2009. The existing optimal design of the EWMA t chart is based on the average run lengt...

In this paper, we study the performance properties of phase II exponential chart with an unknown in-control (IC) rate parameter, used to monitor high-yield processes. The average time signal (ATS) is as criterion instead usual run length (ARL). Based on IC conditional ATS (CATS) distribution, examine both equal-tailed and ATS-unbiased charts estimated control limits adjust so that a nominal ach...

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery mediates the bidirectional movement of cargos that are required for the assembly and maintenance of cilia. However, little is known about how IFT is regulated in vivo. In this study, we show that the small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor-like protein 13 (ARL-13) encoded by the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue o...

In economically developed countries, AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) accounts for a large proportion of malignances in HIV-infected individuals. Since the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, epidemiology and prognosis of ARL have changed. While there is a slight increase in the incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma in HIV-infected individuals, use of HAART has contribut...

In this paper, a remedial measure is first proposed to eliminate the effect of autocorrelation in phase-ІІ monitoring of autocorrelated polynomial profiles, where there is a first order autoregressive (AR(1)) relation between the error terms in each profile. Then, a control chart based on the generalized linear test (GLT) is proposed to monitor the coefficients of polynomial profiles and an R-c...