Three new species of Fergusobia, respectively collected from shoot bud galls on narrow-leaved Melaleuca spp. in Australia, are described. Fergusobia armillarisae n. sp. Davies is characterised by the combination of an arcuate to open C-shaped parthenogenetic female with an extensile uterus and a short, conoid tail, an arcuate infective female with a broadly rounded tail tip, and an arcuate male...

The acquisition of literacy results from an effortful learning process that leads to functional changes in several cortical regions. We explored whether learning to read also leads to anatomical changes within the left intrahemispheric white matter pathways that interconnect these regions. Using diffusion tensor imaging tractography, we compared illiterates with ex-illiterates who learned to re...

We have previously demonstrated that antihypertensive treatment with doxazosin (DZN), an alpha-adrenergic blocker, and lisinopril (LIS), an ACE inhibitor, reverse glomerular sclerosis in corpulent spontaneously hypertensive rats with type 2 diabetes. In this study, we examined the effects of the above-mentioned antihypertensive drugs alone and in combination on the structure of interlobular and...

For more than a century, neurologists have hypothesized that the arcuate fasciculus carries signals that are essential for language function; however, the relevance of the pathway for particular behaviors is highly controversial. The primary objective of this study was to use diffusion tensor imaging to examine the relationship between individual variation in the microstructural properties of a...

The arcuate sign is a well described finding of fibular head avulsion at the insertion site of the arcuate complex. It has been associated with posterolateral corner knee injury and resulting instability. The authors report two patients presenting with the arcuate sign following knee dislocation, which has not been previously described. As unrecognized spontaneously reduced knee dislocation oft...

BACKGROUND Median arcuate ligament syndrome is a rare condition with abdominal symptoms. Accepted treatment options are open release of median arcuate ligament, laparoscopic release of edian arcuate ligament, robot-assisted release of median arcuate ligament and open vascular treatment. Here we aimed to evaluate the central priority of open vascular therapy in the treatment of median arcuate li...

introduction: gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (gnih) and agouti-related peptide (agrp) are orexigenic peptides expressed in the arcuate nucleus (arc) of the hypothalamus in the ewe. in addition, effects of gnih and agrp on the regulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone secretion have been shown in some mammals. the objective of the present study was to investigate the coexpression of gnih and...

Six new species of Fergusobia, from large multilocular shoot bud galls on two species of Angophora and four species of Eucalyptus from both subgenera Eucalyptus and Symphyomyrtus, are described. Fergusobia cosmophyllae Davies n. sp. is characterized by the combination of a C-shaped parthenogenetic female with a short arcuate conoid tail, a broad (small a ratio) arcuate infective female with an ...

PURPOSE To better understand the relationship between the spatial patterns of functional (visual field [VF] loss) and structural (axon loss) abnormalities in patients with glaucomatous arcuate defects largely confined to the central 10° on achromatic perimetry. METHODS Eleven eyes (9 patients) with arcuate glaucomatous VF defects largely confined to the macula were selected from a larger grou...

Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis through its action in the central nervous system. Leptin decreases body weight by promoting satiety and increasing thermogenesis via increasing sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to brown adipose tissue. Leptin also increases renal SNA and arterial pressure. The arcuate nucleus is considere...