[1] The coupled global atmospheric-ocean models used for transient simulations in the IPCC AR4 report differences in the present-day shortwave forcing of more than 2 W/m. We show here that about 1.3 W/m of this spread could be explained by the different methods used to calculate cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) from aerosol mass concentrations. Although we cannot rule out that other fo...

The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) assessed a range of scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions without policies to specifically reduce emissions, and concluded that these would lead to an increase in global mean temperatures of between 1.4°C and 6.9°C by the end of the 21st Century, relative to pre-industrial. While much political attention is focussed on the potential for global warm...

Pharmacokinetic concerns in the management of drug induced vomiting co-morbid tuberculosis patient: A case report from MalaysiaAtif M, Sulaiman SAS, Shafie AA, Muttalif AR4, Ali I, Saleem F

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) assessed a range of scenarios of future greenhouse-gas emissions without policies to specifically reduce emissions, and concluded that these would lead to an increase in global mean temperatures of between 1.6°C and 6.9°C by the end of the twenty-first century, relative to pre-industrial. While much political at...

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 new (99m)Tc-labeled minigastrin analogs modified with open chain tetraamines at the N-terminus for their suitability in the CCK-2/gastrin-R-targeted imaging of tumors (CCK-2/gastrin-R = cholecystokinin subtype 2/gastrin receptor). METHODS The [(D)Glu(1)]minigastrin sequence was assembled on the solid support and the respective tetraamine prec...

[1] We survey the IPCC AR4 models’ responses to SRES A1B forcing in order to evaluate a prediction of climate change common to all models and testable using GPS radio occultation data over the coming decades. Of the IPCC AR4 models that submitted runs of the SRES A1B forcing scenario, we select twelve because of the timeliness of their submission. Trends in the global average surface air temper...

increased concentration of greenhouse gases is expected to alter the radiative balance of atmosphere, causing increases in temperature and changes in precipitation patterns and other climatic variables. these changes are associated with the changes in hydrological systems globally and at the basin scale. these changes include: precipitation patterns and extremes; the amount and generation of ri...

The ornithine decarboxylase enzyme (ODC) is the key regulator of polyamine synthesis and is a member of the cellular proto-oncogene family. Its expression becomes constitutively activated by carcinogens, viruses, and oncogenes. ODC mRNA has a long 5' untranslated region that could be important in the regulation of enzyme levels by affecting translation. To test this hypothesis, we have determin...

As the global climate warms due to increasing greenhouse gases, the regional climate of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean region will also change. This study presents the latest estimates of the expected changes in temperature, precipitation, tropical cyclone activity, and sea level. Changes in temperature and precipitation are derived from climate model simulations produced for the Fourth Asses...