An immature tooth with pulpal necrosis and periapical pathology imposes a great difficulty to the endodontists. Endodontic treatment options for such teeth consist of conventional apexification procedure with and without apical barriers. Various materials have been tried as apical matrix in the past. This article demonstrates the newer concept of using platelet rich fibrin membrane as an apical...

INTRODUCTION Most clinical studies on the outcome of apical surgery concentrate on periapical healing based on radiographic and clinical characteristics (signs and symptoms). This study focuses on long-term changes in periodontal parameters after apical surgery. METHODS Periodontal parameters (ie, probing depth [PD], level of gingival margin [GM], and calculated clinical attachment level [CAL...

Apical periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of periradicular tissues caused by aetiological agents of endodontic origin. Persistent apical periodontitis occurs when root canal treatment of apical periodontitis has not adequately eliminated intraradicular infection. Problems that lead to persistent apical periodontitis include: inadequate aseptic control, poor access cavity design, m...

Aspirating the unknown contents of a bony cavity and saline irrigation of a body wound are both basic surgical techniques. These two techniques have been combined in treating persistent periradicular pathosis in two cases. The cases demonstrate significant bony healing of extensive periradicular defects after the use of the combined procedure. Both cases were nonresponsive to nonsurgical root c...

The conventional method of apexification with calcium hydroxide has certain disadvantages such as very long period of treatment, tooth fracture and an incomplete calcification of the bridge. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an apical sealing material has gained importance as an alternative treatment for open apices. We report a case of complete healing of a periapical abscess after placement...

Current, relevant knowledge on the outcome of endodontic therapy is key to clinical decision making, particularly when endodontic treatment is weighed against tooth extraction and replacement. Inherent to reviewing the outcome is a definition of "success" in relation to the goals of therapy. As the specific goal set out by the individual patient may either be healing/prevention of disease (apic...

Management of fracture dimmature teeth presents a special challenge to dentists. Apexification, Apexogenosis or Regeneration are the only options for conserving such tooth. Traditional apexification with calcium hydroxide is associated with certain difficulties, like longer treatment time, risk of tooth fracture and incomplete calcification of apical bridge. Treatment outcome of regenerations a...

AIM This study aims to compare the periapical healing of teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis treated either by conventional apical preparation (CAP) or apical clearing technique (ACT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty subjects with bilateral nonvital similar teeth exhibiting comparable periapical index (PAI) score were enrolled and randomly allocated. Group I (CAP, n = 20): Apical prepar...

One problem in cases of healing-resistant periapical lesions is to eradicate the contamination at the periapical area. This contamination is due to the microbiological biofilm formed by microorganisms and their subproducts lodged in apical third of the root, on both cementum and dentin surface. Paraendodontic surgery consists of the mechanical removal of harmful agents to promote healing and pe...