The C fragment of tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT-Hc) with different conformations was observed due to the four cysteine residues within it which could form different intramolecular disulfide bonds. In this study, we prepared and compared three types of monomeric TeNT-Hc with different conformational components: free sulfhydryls (50 kDa), bound sulfhydryls (44 kDa), and a mixture of the two conformati...

107 patients with neonatal tetanus were studied and the value of intrathecal antitetanus serum with steroid was noted. The mortality rate in a control group (68%) was significantly higher than that of the test group (37%). Furthermore, a delay in antitetanus serum administration was found to have a strong positive linear correlation with the mortality rate. In fact, the mortality rate for neona...

The ability of human myeloma proteins of different classes and subclasses and of macroglobulins (all aggregated with bis-diazotized benzidine or heat) to aggregate washed human platelets and release [(3)H]-serotonin from the platelets was investigated and compared with the activity of normal IgG and tetanus-antitetanus IgG antigen-antibody complexes. Aggregated IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, and norma...

BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Interleukin (IL) 13 type 2 cytokine that key to the inflammation underlying AD. Tralokinumab first-in-class, fully human, monoclonal antibody specifically binds with high affinity IL-13, neutralizing it in Immunomodulatory treatments may impair vaccine-induced immune responses.ObjectiveAssess responses standard vaccines ad...

During a 12-month period, 40 146 blood donors were tested for the presence of high titre antitetanus antibodies. An attempt has been made to define the most suitable donors, those with antitetanus antibody titres of 4 IU/ml or above, by virtue of titre, sex, location, and length of time since most recent immunisation. Particular note is made of those donors from university sessions. Towards th...

BACKGROUND The group A meningococcal conjugate vaccine, PsA-TT, uses tetanus toxoid (TT) as a carrier protein (PsA-TT). TT as a carrier protein in other conjugate vaccines is known to be immunogenic and generates a robust anti-TT response. METHODS Clinical studies in Africa assessed whether PsA-TT generated tetanus serologic responses when tested in African populations (toddlers to adults). S...

BACKGROUND The need for tetanus toxoid decennial booster doses has been questioned by some experts. Several counter arguments have been presented, supporting the maintenance of decennial adult booster doses with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (adult formulation of the vaccine: Td). This study aimed to evaluate the use of Td in Portuguese adult women under routine conditions. For that purpose we...

In a prospective study, 161 infants with neonatal tetanus were randomised to receive (a) standard treatment, or (b) standard treatment together with intrathecal equine antitetanus serum, or (c) intrathecal antitetanus serum with systemic betamethasone. There was no difference in survival between the three treatment groups in infants with severe tetanus, but in mild tetanus those who received st...

The effect of daily intravenous administration of 1000 mg ascorbic acid (AA) in tetanus patients aged 1-30 years was studied. In the age group of 1-12 years, 31 patients were treated with AA as additional to antitetanus serum, sedatives and antibiotics. It was found that none of the patients died who received AA along with the conventional antitetanus therapy. On the other hand, 74.2 per cent o...

A 6-thioguanine-resistant, human lymphoblastoid B-cell line (GM1500 6TG A-11; IgG secreting) was mutagen-treated with low-level gamma-irradiation and selected for ouabain resistance. One line showing 10,000-fold higher drug resistance, designated KR-4, was fused with an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed, cloned, B-lymphocyte cell line (B6) producing antitetanus toxoid (TT) antibody (IgM), and the ...