Perinatal asphyxia resulting in hypoxic--ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in 1--2/1000 live births in high income countries, and 10--20/1000 in lowand middleincome countries (LMICs). Worldwide, HIE affects around 2.7 million newborn infants, of whom 690,000 die. Over half of survivors go on to develop cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and other forms of lifelong neurological disability. The adoptio...

Globally, soda taxes are gaining momentum as powerful interventions to discourage sugar consumption and thereby reduce the growing burden of obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Evidence from early adopters including Mexico and Berkeley, California, confirms that soda taxes can disincentivize consumption through price increases and raise revenue to support government programs. The Unit...

This systematic review aimed to synthesize primary research on motivating factors of community health workers (CHWs) for maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Peer-reviewed literatures were systematically searched in five databases. Identified studies were then screened and selected for inclusion. The eligibility criteria were reported primary q...

Background Medical specialization is an understudied, yet growing aspect of health systems in low- and middleincome countries (LMICs). In India, medical specialization is incrementally, yet significantly, modifying service delivery, workforce distribution, and financing. However, scarce evidence exists in India and other LMICs regar...

agenda-setting is a crucial step for inclusive health policies in the low- and middle-income countries (lmics). enlightened by ha et al manuscript, this commentary paper argues that ‘political impetus’ is the key to the successful agenda-setting of health policies in lmics, though other determinants may also play the role during the process. this vietnamese case study presents a good example fo...

Pregnancy is not a disease but a condition undertaken by most women during their reproductive lives. Pregnancy, however, is a time when health can be threatened. Any pregnancy carries the risk for hemorrhage, obstructed labor, or the need for a cesarean delivery. The sheer volume of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide indicates that every pregnant woman is at risk for surgically preventa...

The curriculum design, faculty characteristics, and experience of implementing masters' level international research ethics training programs supported by the Fogarty International Center was investigated. Multiple pedagogical approaches were employed to adapt to the learning needs of the trainees. While no generally agreed set of core competencies exists for advanced research ethics training, ...

Over 90% of people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) do not have access to surgical care. In the absence of appropriate surgical care, there is high morbidity and mortality from surgically curable diseases, such as cervical cancer. Laparoscopic surgery for gynecologic cancer in LMICs is extremely limited. The benefits of laparoscopy over open surgery are even more pronounced in...

Breast cancer burden is high in low-resource countries. From 1980 to 2010, new breast cancer cases increased by more than 50% worldwide. Disease burden increased even more rapidly in lowandmiddle-incomecountries (LMICs), where more than half of breast cancer cases now occur. Moreover, breast cancer disproportionately affects young women in LMICs, such that 23% of new breast cancer cases occur a...