Abstract Following recent arguments that cultural practices in wild animal populations have important conservation implications, we argue recognizing captive animals as has welfare implications. Having a culture is of deep importance for animals, wherever they live. Without understanding the capacities will be left with deeply impoverished view what need to flourish. Best should therefore requi...

to find out the effects of urea and animal manure as pellet and some microelements on total dry matter and physiological indices of medicinal pumpkin a split plot experimental design based on a randomized complete block with three replicates was conducted at university of tehran, college of abouraihan. the animal manure and urea as pellet with four levels (150 kg urea, 50 kg urea+3.5 tone anima...

The communication systems of nonhuman animals are reviewed, together with a discussion of their relevance for the evolution of human language. The teaching of language to nonhumans, as well as signs of mind and consciousness outside our species, are considered as possible bridges between us and the rest of the animal kingdom.

Nutrigenomics applies genomic technologies to study how nutrients affect expression of genes. With the advent of the post genomic era and with the use of functional genomic tools, the new strategies for evaluating the effects of nutrition on production efficiency and nutrient utilization are becoming available. Nutrigenomics plays an efficient role in various fields of animal health like nutrit...

background: one of the domains of scientific activities is working on animals. performing experiments on animals is per­missible only with the purpose of obtaining necessary information for saving and improving life of human be­ings or ani­mals. principally, all religions believe that human life is more valuable than animal life and humans have a god-given au­thority over animals, but they shou...