Philosophy abounds in troublesome modal arguments-endlessly debated, perennially plausible, perennially suspect. The standards of validity for modal reasoning have long been unclear; they become clear only when we provide a semantic analysis of modal logic by reference to possible worlds and to possible things therein.2 Thus insofar as we understand modal reasoning at all, we understand it as d...

Abstract This paper is inspired by and develops on E. J. Lowe’s work, who writes in his book The Possibility of Metaphysics that ‘metaphysical possibility an inescapable determinant actuality’ (1998: 9). deals with possibilities – metaphysical but not able to determine what actual without the help empirical research. Accordingly, a delimitation space required. resulting controversial picture we...

In Wehmeier (2004) we are presented with the subjunctive modal language, a way of dealing with the expressive inadequacy of modal logic by marking atomic predicates as being either in the subjunctive or indicative mood. Wehmeier claims that this language is expressively equivalent to the standard actuality language, and that despite this the markedunmarked dichotomies are not the same in the tw...

Tattoos have been practiced for thousands of years and remains a common practice in various cultures and countries. Tattooing has gained popularity in Western society where about 10% of the population has at least one decorative tattoo. Lately the same phenomenon can be also observed in Romania. Metal salts or organic compounds are the pigments used in tattooing to achieve a different color. Th...

It is widely believed that for all p, or at least for all entertainable p, it is knowable a priori that (p iff actually p). It is even more widely believed that for all such p, it is knowable that (p iff actually p). There is a simple argument against these claims from five antecedently plausible premises. The argument is given below. Here ‘A’, ‘E’, ‘K’, ‘ ’, ‘^’ stand for ‘Actually’ ‘Someone e...

Nowadays much is written about how to manage projects, but too little on what really happens in project actuality. Project Actuality came out in the Rethinking Project Management (RPM) agenda in 2006 and it aims at understanding what really happens at project context. To be able to understand project actuality phenomenon, we first need to get a better comprehension on its definition and discove...

The term ‘actuality entailment’ was coined by Rajesh Bhatt in his 1999 dissertation to describe the implicative inference that arises when ability modals combine with perfective aspect. This article investigates the nature of this inference and the contributions of aspect and modality, by surveying the environments in which it is found. Prior to Bhatt’s dissertation, the literatures on aspect a...