fair use is a common legal theory of copyright in order to provide free access to scientific, literary and artistic works. the theory has long been faced with a lot of ups and downs in the common law countries and can be considered as a criterion for other countries as well. the recent paper attempts to study this theory in a descriptive-analytical way. finally, it concludes that the acceptance...

The construction of Generalized Intelligent States (GIS) for the x4anharmonic oscillator is presented. These GIS families are required to minimize the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty relation. As a particular case, we will get the so-called Gazeau-Klauder coherent states. The properties of the latters are discussed in detail. Analytical representation is also considered and its advantage is s...

This paper describes the design and qualification of the European Robotic Arm (ERA), which is planned to be launched by the end of 2015. After years of changes, a shift of launcher and new loads, launch preparation is underway. The European Robotic Arm ERA has been designed and manufactured by Dutch Space and its subcontractors such as Astrium, SABCA and Stork with key roles for the mechanical ...

Focus particles interact with the focused constituent in a sentence. The particle only presents a challenge to formalizing this relationship as while it commonly precedes the focused constituent, only can also follow it. A syntactic account of these constructions is presented that captures the unique properties of only’s distribution within the framework presented in Kayne (1998) and offers sup...

In this paper some general transportation models have been discussed and particularly a multi-choice cost stochastic transportation problem (STP) has been reviewed in the light of progressive research works of previous noteworthy researchers. In addition, an analytical approach for the optimal solution (OS) of the proposed stochastic transportation problem has been demonstrated. The analytical ...

We develop a probabilistic framework that computes 3D shape descriptors in a more rigorous and accurate manner than usual histogram-based methods for the purpose of 3D object retrieval. We first use a numerical analytical approach to extract the shape information from each mesh triangle in a better way than the sparse sampling approach. These measurements are then combined to build a probabilit...