Introduction: Learning and memory processes result from interaction of neurotransmitter systems in various brain regions such as amygdala and hippocampus. Considering that morphine induces memory impairment, in the current study, we examined the possible role of cholinergic muscarinic receptor s of the central amygdala (CeA) on the morphine-induced amnesia in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: A ...

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy have inexplicable fear attack as the aura. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of seizure‐modulated fear are not clarified. Recent studies identified stathmin as one of the key controlling molecules in learning and innate fear. Stathmin binds to tubulin, inhibits microtubule assembly and promotes microtubule catastrophes. Therefore, stathmin is predict...

Chronic experiments with rabbits have shown that electrical destruction of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways leads to complete and persisted blockade of hippocampal theta rhythm in contrast to ventral one. In intact animals, electroand chemostimulation of amygdala nuclei, hypothalamus, reticular formation and medial septum nucleus lead to the formation of well pronounced theta rhythm in hippocampus...

INTRODUCTION: Visceral pain is clinically one of the most common complaints. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by visceral pain and irregular bowel movements. It is estimated that IBS affects 10-22% adults, with a high female to male ratio. Frequently, episodes of visceral pain coincide with specific stressful event(s) or increased anxiety suggesting parallel activation of higher ...

Functional and structural alterations in brain connectivity associated with brain ischemia have been extensively studied. However, the mechanism whereby local ischemia in deep brain region affect brain functions is still unknown. Here, we first established a mini-stroke model by infusion of endothelin-1 (ET-1) into the dorsal hippocampus or the lateral amygdala, and then investigated how these ...

OBJECTIVES Animal model studies may allow greater elucidation of the cerebral circuits involved in the genesis of panic disorder (PD), but these studies have not yet been fully analyzed. METHODS The authors review recent literature on the neurobiology and neuroanatomy of PD. RESULTS In this update, the authors present a revision of data that demonstrates the existence of a "fear network", w...