background: knowledge about the amphistomid fauna in iranian domestic ruminants depends on the studies conducted almost 30 years ago. the last situation in cattle is introduced here in the provinces in south coast of caspian sea. methods: amphistomid species were collected from cattle at slaughter houses of the provinces gilan and mazanderan in 2010. median sagittal sections were prepared by th...

Generally, aspiration of fluids, ruminal contents or foreign material into the upper respiratory tract, bronchi and lungs lead to pneumonia in bovines. An adult female Murrah buffalo was presented for postmortem examination. Complete blood count examination live animal revealed leuckocytosis with shift left. On basis gross microscopical lesions, this case concluded as a result regurgitated alon...

A new species of amphistome digenean from the stomach and intestine of Podocnemis expansa (Pelomedusidae), of the tropical rain forest, from the State of Pará, Brazil, is described and allocated to a new genus ( Oriximinatrema noronhae ). The new species is characterized by the presence of an esophageal bulb, an esophageal extension uncovered by an extension of the pharyngeal sacs, a well-devel...

major proportion of intracellular calcium (ca 2+ ) is achieved through opening of calcium channels present in the plasma membrane which play an important role in regulating neuromuscular coordination and release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals. blockade of these calcium channels adversely affect contractile process and release of neurotransmitters in majority of the neuromuscular prep...

Most of the authors working on the species composition of fam. Paramphistomidae (genus Paramphistomum) consider 5 valid species distributed in Europe, namely Paramphistomum cervi (Zeder, 1790)1, P. ichikawai Fukui, 1922, P. microboihrium Fischoeder, 19012, P. daubrteyi Dinnik, 19623 and P. gotoi Fukui, 1922 (cf. Kamburov, 1977 ; Sey, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982 ; Odening and Gräfner, 1979, Odening, ...

BACKGROUND Knowledge about the amphistomid fauna in Iranian domestic ruminants depends on the studies conducted almost 30 years ago. The last situation in cattle is introduced here in the provinces in south coast of Caspian Sea. METHODS Amphistomid species were collected from cattle at slaughter houses of the provinces Gilan and Mazanderan in 2010. Median sagittal sections were prepared by th...