The asymmetric unit of the title structure, C(14)H(30)N(2)O(4) (2+)·2PF(6) (-), contains the anion and half of the cation, the latter being completed by a crystallographic twofold axis. The cation has a cage structure with the ammonium H atoms pointing into the cage. These H atoms are shielded from inter-molecular inter-actions and form only intra-molecular contacts. There are short inter-molec...

Quaternary ammonium compounds, effective as sanitizing agents for food plant equipment under certain conditions, are not well suited as sanitizers for water of high mineral content. Mueller and Seeley (1951) have demonstrated under controlled conditions that various metallic cations can decrease the germicidal action of a quaternary in solution. Knowledge of how such interference takes place co...

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a brown to black, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin that usually involves cutaneous folds. Treatment of AN is important regarding cosmetic reasons and various therapeutic modalities have been used for these purposes. The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness of long-pulsed alexandrite laser and topical tretinoin-ammonium lactate for tre...

In the crystal of the title molecular salt, C(6)H(14)N(+)·C(8)H(7)O(3) (-), strong N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are formed between the ammonium H atoms and the carboxyl-ate O atoms. The resulting supra-molecular structure is based on chains running in the [010] direction. The dihedral angle between the -CO(2) group and the benzene ring is 8.94 (17)° and the methoxy C atom deviates by 1.374 Å from the r...

The title compound, NH(4) (+)·C(6)H(10)NS(2) (-), is composed of an ammonium cation and a piperidine-1-carbodithio-ate anion which exhibits positional disorder. The atoms of the ring have a structural disorder and they are divided into two sites, with occupancy factors of 0.584 and 0.426.. In the crystal, the cation and anion are linked by N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds to form an infinite two-dimensiona...

ABSTRACT Detailed DFT studies provide an in-depth mechanistic understanding for the use of chiral amide-based ammonium ylides in epoxidation reactions. It is shown that the used chiral auxiliary efficiently shields one face of the ylide, which thus results in an extraordinarily high stereoselectivity giving only one trans-isomer with perfect control of the absolute configuration. GRAPHICAL AB...

Alcaligenes faecalis No.4, which is capable of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification was used to treat coking wastewater (CW) to remove high-strength of ammonium and phenol. First, the phenol-degrading ability of No.4 was verified and a synthetic medium containing lactate and phenol as carbon sources was subsequently applied to the No.4 culture. Both carbon materials were enti...

Branched quaternary ammonium molecules were synthesized and characterized by calorimetric, optical and X-ray diffraction studies; two of the molecules exhibited interesting nematic liquid crystalline behavior close to room temperature.