The effects of ammonia loading in the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber were studied by exposing animals to atmospheres of high PNH3. Isopods show a remarkable tolerance of elevated ambient PNH3, with an LD50 of 89 Pa for a 7-day exposure. However, haemolymph total ammonia concentrations generally remained below 5 mmol l-1 (PNH3=0.37 Pa) over the range of ambient ammonia levels used (6.6­...

Field experiments were conducted in 2006 to investigate the impacts of modified rice cultivation systems on: grain yield, N uptake, ammonia volatilization from rice soil and N use efficiency (ANUE, agronomic N use efficiency; and PFP, partial factor productivity of applied N). The trials compared rice production using modified methods of irrigation, planting, weeding and nutrient management (th...

The preflood nitrogen (N) fertilizer sets the yield potential of the rice cultivars being grown and thus, its management is critical to obtaining profitable rice grain yields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the ammonia volatilization loss and impact on rice yield when urea, Agrotain®, and ammonium sulfate were applied preflood and a flood established at 1, 5, and 10 days after N ...

The Three Rivers Solid Waste Authority (TRSWA) operates a MSW landfill outside Jackson, South Carolina (USA) at which leachate ammonia concentrations are of concern. droplet spraying/misting system (known as the Lilypad system) in their pond to enhance both evaporation and, possibly, volatilization. overall goals this study were determine fate nitrogen and ultimately quantify role plays enhanci...

Ammonia volatilization is a major N loss process for surface-applied manures and urea fertilizers. The lost ammonia is important for both agricultural and non-agricultural ecosystems because it: i) is a direct loss of plant available N to the farmer, ii) reduces the N:P ratio in manure, which accelerates P build-up in soils, and iii) contributes to eutrophication in aquatic and low-N input ecos...

Different organic materials possessing antimicrobial properties have the ability to retard nitrification. Nitrification retarders could be successfully used to improve fertilizer efficiency if the retarders do not increase ammonia volatilization as well. The main objective of this study was to find whether any locally available organic materials namely cow dung, seed crush of Syzygium cumini, L...

Rhesus (Rh) glycoproteins are ammonia gas (NH(3)) channels known to be involved in ammonia transport in animals. Because of the different osmoregulatory and ionoregulatory challenges faced by teleost fishes in marine and freshwater (FW) environments, we hypothesized that ammonia excretion strategies would differ between environments. Also, we hypothesized that cutaneous NH(3) volatilization in ...

Ammonia (NH3) emission from nitrogen (N) fertilizers used in agriculture decreases N uptake by the crop and negatively impacts air quality. In order to better understand the factors influencing NH3 emission from agriculture, this research was conducted with four major soils used for potato production: Biscayne Marl Soil (BMS, pH 7.27), and Krome Gravelly Loam (KGL, pH 7.69) from Florida; and Qu...