The problems of blending electrolyzer and multi-constraint optimization of electrolytic aluminum scheduling in the electrolytic aluminum production process were addressed. Based on a mathematical model analysis, a novel hybrid optimization algorithm is proposed for optimization of blending together the molten aluminum in different electrolytic cells. An affinity degree function was designed to ...

phosphorus is an important nutrient for plant and microorganisms growth, thus has an important role in creating eutrophication of surface waters. the present study has investigated poly aluminum chloride efficiency on orthophosphate removal by coagulation and chemical precipitation process in municipal wastewater in west wastewater treatment plant. this bench scale study was performed on influe...

Aluminum hydride, a very interesting and valuable reducing agent, has been widely used in numerous applications in organic syntheses. Jorgenson first reported the comparison in the reducing properties between lithium aluminum hydride and aluminum hydride on the reduction of cinnamaldehyde, and Brown and Yoon reported a systematic study on the reducing properties of aluminum hydride in THF. Fina...

Cathodic activation examined with reference to the cold fuslon developments (controversy). Historically cathodic activation has been used for plating preparation of p a s s i v e (o x i d e) s u r f a c e s e.g. nickel/chromium alloys, niobium and powdered metals. More recent results of work employing cathodic activation for preparing aluminum for plating will be presented e.g. process paramete...

abstract   aluminum is one of the most important heavy metals which not only can be easily absorbed by roots, but it also damages its normal function and blocks absorption of water and nutrients. according to this fact that sunflower has been widely used in industry, this study investigates the effects of aluminum toxicity on biochemical factors in two sunflower varieties including sirena (tole...

Aluminum toxicity is one of the most deleterious factors for plant growth in acidic soils because over 50% of the world’s potentially arable lands are acidic. In recent years, considerable research has been conducted to understand the mechanisms of Al toxicity and tolerance in plants. This paper reviews the effects of different concentration of Al on plant shoot, root physiological parameters s...

Ariadne (ARI) subfamily of RBR (Ring Between Ring fingers) proteins have been found as a group of putative E3 ubiquitin ligases containing RING (Really Interesting New Gene) finger domains in fruitfly, mouse, human and Arabidopsis. Recent studies showed several RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases play important roles in plant response to abiotic stresses, but the function of ARI in plants is largely...

Environmental stresses are the most important factors that reduce plant growth in stages of development. The presence of aluminum in acidic soils as an environmental stress has an impact on different parts of the plant and reduces root growth, water absorption and nutrients and increases susceptibility to drought.  In order to evaluate the effect of aluminum stress levels on wheat at germinatio...