Microglial neuroinflammatory processes play a primary role in dopaminergic neurodegeneration for Parkinson’s disease (PD). This can occur, in part, by modulation of glial function following activation by soluble or insoluble modified alphasynuclein (α-syn), a chief component of Lewy bodies that is released from affected dopaminergic neurons. α-Syn is nitrated during oxidative stress responses a...

Although Parkinson's disease (PD) was first described almost 200 years ago, it remains an incurable disease with a cause that is not fully understood. Nowadays it is known that disturbances in the structure of pathological proteins in PD can be caused by more than environmental and genetic factors. Despite numerous debates and controversies in the literature about the role of mutations in the S...

Running title: Entacapone and Tolcapone inhibit Syn fibrillization * To whom correspondence should be addressed: Prof. Hilal A. Lashuel; Fax: +41 1 693 17 80; Email: [email protected]. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is considerable consensus that the increased production and/or aggregation of α-synuclein (α...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs motor function. Patients with PD display motor symptoms including bradykinesia, akinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability. In addition, recent studies have found early non-motor symptoms in patients with PD including olfactory impairments, gastrointestinal dysfunction, sleep disturbances, anxiet...

The molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease and the cause of the selective dopaminergic neuronal loss are mostly unknown. Many pathogenetic factors have been found to play a role but the relationships among these factors, together with the reasons of the high vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to them, have not been completely defined. Only a small fraction of Parkin...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative defined as shaky stroke. It clinically characterized by; resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural reflex impairment. also pathologically by Lewy bodies (LBs) formed the loss of dopaminergic neurons in Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region brain accumulation AlphaSynuclein (α-Syn) proteins. Pesticides are hugest risk fac...

Lewy body diseases – encompassing Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Parkinson’s disease with late dementia – may reflect a vicious cycle of neuroinflammation in which aggregated alphasynuclein promotes microglial activation, and the peroxynitrite and cytokines produced by activated microglia in turn promote intraneuronal alpha-synuclein aggregation and neuronal death. If this ...

Title of Dissertation: THE YIN AND YANG OF AMYLOIDS: INSIGHTS FROM ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN AND THE PMEL17 REPEAT DOMAIN Candace Marie Pfefferkorn, Ph.D., 2011 Dissertation Directed By: Distinguished University Professor Devarajan Thirumalai, Institute for Physical Science and Technology While amyloidogenic proteins are commonly associated with human diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease,...

Parkinson’s disease is an age related neurodegenerative and movement disorder affecting 1-3% of individuals above the age of 60 years. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the accumulation of Lewy bodies in the surviving neurons. Lewy bodies are present in the central and sympathetic nervous systems, and it is...

We have read with great interest the review published in your journal titled “Hypothesis: Somatic Mosaicism and Parkinson Disease (Exp Neurobiol. 2014 Dec;23:271-276),” which discusses the “potential” existence of mosaicisms in Parkinson’s disease. We find it essential to clarify some concepts that we consider inadequate/incorrect because they are presented as a new hypothesis when in fact our ...