Sandra M. Duval Mark A. Berhow New Crops and Processing Technology Research, USDA, ARS, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604 Defatted seedmeals from 15 glucosinolate-containing plant species were analyzed for herbicidal activity by determining inhibition of seedling emergence when added to a sandy loam soil containing wheat and si...

Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry led to the identification of 26 compounds in Acorus gramineus essential oil. The antifungal activity of the identified compounds was tested singularly by using standard compounds. Allyl isothiocyanate and cis-asarone showed inhibition rates of 100% against P. cactorum at 28 mg/l air. In a test with C. parasitica and E. circinatum, allyl isothiocy...

A structure-activity relationship study was carried out to identify structural features in arylalkyl and alkyl isothiocyanates that are associated with the inhibitory potency of these compounds against lung tumorigenesis induced in A/J mice by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). These features include the alkyl chain length, phenyl substitution...

Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), which occurs in many common cruciferous vegetables, is widely and often frequently consumed by humans. Besides antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens, it showed anticancer activity in both cultured cancer cells and animal models, although the underlining mechanisms remain largely undefined. Bioavailability of AITC is extremely high, as nearly 90...