Aquatic viruses play important roles in the biogeochemistry and ecology of lacustrine ecosystems; however, their composition, dynamics, and interactions with viruses of terrestrial origin are less extensively studied. We used a viral shotgun metagenomic approach to elucidate candidate autochthonous (i.e., produced within the lake) and allochthonous (i.e., washed in from other habitats) viral ge...

Our objective was to quantify the contribution of autochthonous, locally-produced phytoplankton, and allochthonous, terrestrial-derived organic matter (OM) to the production of young-of-year (YOY) American shad (Alosa sapidissima) using stable isotopes. We measured the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of YOY American shad in the tidal fresh water of the Mattaponi River, a tributar...

Fish farming is the only type of aquaculture in Serbia. Fish farming is mostly carried out in cyprinid and salmonid (trout) fishponds (over 95% of the total fish produced), with considerably lower ichthyoproduction being practiced in cages and some bodies of open water such as reservoirs and channels. Serbian aquaculture currently includes 12 fish species, 4 of which are allochthonous (non-nati...

We introduce the river wave concept: a simple, holistic model that unifies river ecosystem concepts. The river wave concept proposes that river flow can be conceptualized as a series of waves varying in shape, amplitude, wavelength, and frequency, traveling longitudinally and laterally; the position on the wave determines the source of organic production or inputs and the storage, transformatio...

Understanding river food webs requires distinguishing energy derived from primary production in the river itself (autochthonous) from that produced externally (allochthonous), yet there are no universally applicable and reliable techniques for doing so. We compared the natural abundance stable isotope ratios of hydrogen (deltaD) of allochthonous and autochthonous energy sources in four differen...

The significance of spatial subsidies depends on consumer resource interactions in the recipient habitat. Lakes are subsidized by terrestrial carbon sources, but the pathways of allochthonous carbon through lake food webs are complex and not well understood. Zooplankton vertically partition resources within stratified lakes in response to life history trade-offs that are governed by predators, ...

When the available statistical information is imperfect, it is dangerous to follow standard optimisation procedures to construct an optimal portfolio, which usually leads to a strong concentration of the weights on very few assets. We propose a new way, based on gener-alised entropies, to ensure a minimal degree of diversiication.

An investigation was conducted to identify the allochthonous microbiota (entire intestine) and the autochthonous microbiota in proximal intestine (PI) and distal intestine (DI) of four species of Indian air-breathing fish (climbing perch; Anabas testudineus, murrel; Channa punctatus, walking catfish; Clarias batrachus and stinging catfish; Heteropneustes fossilis) by PCR based denaturing gradie...

Periodical cicadas emerge from below ground every 13 or 17 years in North American forests, with individual broods representing the synchronous movement of trillions of individuals across geographic regions. Due to predator satiation, most individuals escape predation, die, and become deposited as detritus. Some of this emergent biomass falls into woodland aquatic habitats (small streams and wo...

Allochthonous organic carbon can subsidize consumers in aquatic systems, but this subsidy may only be significant in relatively small systems with high organic matter loading. We tested the importance of allochthonous carbon to consumers in a relatively large (258,000 m2) clear-water lake by adding HCO3 daily for 56 d. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was substantially enriched in 13C by the ad...