Background . Treatment results of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children on protocol, developed by one the leading research study group BFM (Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster) are impressive - longstanding overall survival rate comprise 93.4 %. The basis success is a differential approach based prognostic factors. In some local issues protocols receive criticism because high toxicity, but trying to fi...

Fifty-one children between 26 and 214 months of age (median, 100 months) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were grafted in second remission from HLA-identical sibling donors (except for two patients who were grafted with a marrow with 1 antigen-mismatch). Initial treatment and relapse therapy were similar in all patients according to the BFM- and CoALL-protocols (front line: 38 patients a...

Bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) is one of the ion-driven molecular machines, which drives the rotation of flagellar filaments and enable bacteria to swim in viscous solutions. Understanding its mechanism is one challenge in biophysics. Based on previous models and inspired by the idea used in description of motor proteins, in this study one two-state model is provided. Meanwhile, according to c...

secondary AML, and granulocytic sarcoma, in contrast in AML-BFM 93 only patients younger than 18 years) showed that the overall 5-year survival rate of all children, not only those in remission, was 59% Ϯ 2%. This was considerably higher than of the total patient group of the CCG 2891 trial (CCG estimated 40%; intensive timing 49% Ϯ 5%; standard timing 34% Ϯ 6%). Events 5 years after diagnosis ...

SRAM bit fail maps (BFM) are routinely collected during earlier phases of yield ramping, providing a rich source of information for IC failure and deformation learning. In this paper, we present an automated approach to analyzing BFM data efficiently. We also demonstrate the usability of our analysis framework using real BFM test data from a large, modern SRAM test vehicle.

The number of children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who achieve remission and the number of long-term survivors have increased in the last 10 years owing to intensified chemotherapy and better supportive care. This report reviews nine pediatric studies, particularly the German AML studies BFM-78 and BFM-83. A total of 294 children with AML under 17 years of age entered the AML studies ...

In the cooperative study AML-IGCI-84 27 children with AML (FAB M1 7X, M2 4X, M3 1X, M4 6X and M5 8X; 1 megakaryocytic leukemia) have been treated. The median initial white blood cell count was 18.0 G/l (range 1.8-1,350.0 G/l). 1 or 2 courses of induction therapy were used: I1 (aclacinomycin-A (ACLA-A), VP-16 and ARA-C) and I2 (daunorubicin (DNR), VP-16, and ARA-C). I2 was used only if bone marr...

Parametric images, showing fully quantitative parameters at the voxel level, can be used to quantify various processes with maximal spatial resolution. Parametric imaging has been validated for myocardial blood flow imaging, but still needs to be extended to other tracers and kinetic models. The aim of this study was to validate parametric images of the reversible one tissue (1T2k) model for [C...

Purpose In this study, we investigated whether an individual's visual fatigue can be evaluated objectively and quantitatively from their ability to maintain binocular fusion. Methods Binocular fusion maintenance (BFM) was measured using a custom-made binocular open-view Shack-Hartmann wavefront aberrometer equipped with liquid crystal shutters, wherein eye movements and wavefront aberrations ...