background: the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of arterial blood gases (abgs) in determining the type of intoxication. methods: medical charts of all patients who had referred to the toxicology ward of baharloo hospital between january 2009 and december 2009 were evaluated. after excluding the patients with multi-drug toxicity, data, including age, sex, type of intoxication (the...

Metabolic alkalosis is a rare occurence in hemodialysis population compared to metabolic acidosis unless some precipitating factors such as nasogastric suction, vomiting and alkali ingestion or infusion are present. When metabolic alkalosis develops, it may cause serious clinical consequences among them are sleep apnea, resistent hypertension, dysrhythmia and seizures. Here, we present a 54-yea...

Metabolic alkalosis is a common disorder, accounting for half of all acid-base disturbances in hospitalized patients. It is the result of an increase in bicarbonate production, a decrease in bicarbonate excretion, or a loss of hydrogen ions. Most causes of metabolic alkalosis can be divided into 4 categories: chloride depletion alkalosis, mineralocorticoid excess syndromes, apparent mineralocor...

BACKGROUND The frequency of metabolic alkalosis among adults with stable severe CF-lung disease is unknown. METHODS Retrospective chart review. RESULTS Fourteen CF and 6 COPD (controls) patients were included. FEV1 was similar between the two groups. PaO2 was significantly higher in the COPD (mean ± 2 SD is 72.0 ± 6.8 mmHg,) than in the CF group (56.1 ± 4.1 mmHg). The frequency of metabolic...

Metabolic alkalosis is common—half of all acid-base disorders as described in one study (1). This observation should not be surprising since vomiting, the use of chloruretic diuretics, and nasogastric suction are common among hospitalized patients. The mortality associated with severe metabolic alkalosis is substantial; a mortality rate of 45% in patients with an arterial blood pH of 7.55 and 8...

BACKGROUND Alkalinizing agents reverse cardiotoxicity of a variety of sodium channel blockers, including tricyclic antidepressants, but their mechanisms of action are poorly understood. PURPOSE To establish the mechanisms by which alkalinization diminishes the sodium channel blocking action of imipramine. METHODS The whole-cell voltage-clamp technique was used to measure INa during a variet...

the effects of chronic metabolic acidosis, alkalosis and alloxan-induced ketoacidosis on g6pd activity of rat kidney, liver and erythrocytes were studied. metabolic acidosis significantly increased the activity of kidney enzyme (55%) but decreased the liver (43%) and erythrocyte (38%) enzyme activities. alkalosis did not make a significant change in the kidney or liver enzyme activity but sligh...

This study examined the effects of extracellular alkalosis on the metabolism and performance of perfused rat hindlimb muscles during electrical stimulation. Three acid-base conditions were used: control (C, normal acid-base state), metabolic alkalosis (MALK, increased bicarbonate concentration), and respiratory alkalosis (RALK, decreased PCO2). A one-pass system was used to perfuse the hindlimb...

BACKGROUND Acid-base imbalance in various metabolic disturbances leads to human brain dysfunction. Compared with acidosis, the patients suffered from alkalosis demonstrate more severe neurological signs that are difficultly corrected. We hypothesize a causative process that the nerve cells in the brain are more vulnerable to alkalosis than acidosis. METHODS The vulnerability of GABAergic neur...

Maintenance of metabolic alkalosis generated by chloride depletion is often attributed to volume contraction. In balance and clearance studies in rats and humans, we showed that chloride repletion in the face of persisting alkali loading, volume contraction, and potassium and sodium depletion completely corrects alkalosis by a renal mechanism. Nephron segment studies strongly suggest the correc...