background: establishment of a patent airway and preserving spontaneous ventilation is a necessity in predicted difficult airway. airway regional blocks are commonly used in predicted difficult airway but the known limitations of these techniques propose the need to suggest alternative methods. this study compares subcutaneous dissociative conscious sedation (sdcs); a recently reported method o...

BACKGROUND Childhood asthma is generally believed to be a disorder with a good prognosis. However, some asthmatics develop irreversible airway obstruction, probably as a result of airway remodelling. METHODS After 21-33 years, 228 adults (aged 13-44 years at baseline) with a history of asthma were re-examined to assess risk factors for the development of irreversible airway obstruction (IAO, ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to use cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess the dimensional changes in the nasopharyngeal soft-tissue characteristics in children of Indian origin with repaired cleft lip and palate (CLP) and to compare the results with patients with ideal occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of 20 children (10 girls, 10 boys) with repaired CLP was selected. Co...

Understanding the airway in a newborn patient is a priority, in view of the anatomical and physiological unique characteristics which they have that don’t repeat themselves through a person’s life: they only last the first years of a person’s life. These characteristics are necessary for understanding and manipulating the normal or complicated airway. Newborns usually require urgent surgeries, ...

lip and palate (CLP)1 compared with those in normal subjects; patients with CLP have a smaller upper airway compared with normal controls.2,3 Parents of children with CLP have often reported that their children snore and breathe noisily during sleep, and patients with reduced nasal airways are also predisposed to mouth breathing.4-6 Rose et al7 found that patients with cleft palate had signific...

asthma is a heterogeneous disease, in which asthmatic patients present with different clinical phenotypes, variable endotypes, and different response to asthma medicines. thus, we are faced with an asthma paradox; asthma is diagnosed subjectively by clinical history and treated with biologically active drugs. to solve this paradox, we need objective airway biomarkers to tailor the proper medica...

Airway inflammation is one of the pathophysiological characteristics of asthma, which is mediated through infiltration of inflammatory cells, including mast cells, and eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes in the airway wall. This cell infiltration subsequently leads to bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and, in the case of chronic inflammation, persistent changes of the airways, i.e. air...

We have used impulse oscillometry to identify COPD patients with tidal expiratory flow limitation (EFL), which is a measurement related to small airway disease. We report that 37.4% of COPD patients had EFL; these patients had multiple clinical characteristics of more severe disease including lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second values, greater hyperinflation, reduced exercise performance...

Childhood asthma is often characterised by elevated exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), decreased lung function, increased airway reactivity and atopy; however, our understanding of when these phenotypic airway characteristics develop remains unclear. This study evaluated whether eNO, lung function, airway reactivity and immune characteristics during infancy are risk factors of asthma at age 5 years. I...