A characteristic spectral emission is observed in vegetation chlorophyll under excitation by solar radiation. This emission, known as solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, occurs in the red and near infra-red spectral regions. In this paper a new methodology for the estimation of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from spaceborne and airborne sensors is presented. The fluorescence signal ...

We have designed, constructed, and tested a system that pre-selects the biological fraction of airborne particles from the overall aerosol. The preselection is based on fluorescence emission excited by a continuous 266 nm laser beam. This beam is one of two cw beams used to measure the aerodynamic particle size of sampled particles. The intention in our system is that single particles, based on...

Forced-air-warming (FAW) is an effective and widely used means for maintaining surgical normothermia, but FAW also has the potential to generate and mobilize airborne contamination in the operating room.We measured the emission of viable and non-viable forms of airborne contamination from an arbitrary selection of FAW blowers (n=25) in the operating room. A laser particle counter measured parti...

The observed brightness temperatures (Tb) at 37 GHz from typical moderate density dry snow in mid-latitudes decreases with increasing snow water equivalent (SWE) due to volume scattering of the ground emissions by the overlying snow. At a certain point, however, as SWE increases, the emission from the snowpack offsets the scattering of the sub-nivean emission. In tundra snow, the Tb slope rever...

The airborne volatiles emitted from individual female Heliothis zea (Boddie) pheromone glands were collected by adsorption onto glass wool, analyzed, and quantified on an SP-2330 capillary GLC column All of the compounds previously reported from gland washes, 16: Ald, Z7-16:Ald, Z9-16: Ald and Zl l-16: Aid, were found in the volatile emissions The forcibly extruded female H zea phetomone glands...

Airborne particulate matter, suspected to induce adverse effects on human health, have been one of the most important concerns regarding recent air pollution issues in Japan. To characterize regional and seasonal variations in emission sources of fine airborne particulate matter (d < 2 microm), monthly samples (n = 36 for each site) were collected at urban (Tokyo), suburban (Maebashi), and moun...

Atmospheric emissions from the Chicago/Gary urban/industrial area significantly enhance ambient mercury (Hg) concentrations and lead to increased levels of atmospheric Hg deposition within the Lake Michigan Basin. We use airborne observations collected over Lake Michigan during the 2013 Nitrogen, Oxidants, Mercury, and Aerosol Distributions, Sources, and Sinks (NOMADSS) campaign to quantify the...

We studied airborne contaminants (airborne particulates and odorous compounds) emitted from compost facilities in South Korea. There are primarily two different types of composting systems operating in Korean farms, namely mechanical aerated pile composting (MAPC) and aerated static pile composting (SAPC). In this study, we analyzed various particulate matters (PM10, PM7, PM2.5, PM1, and total ...