Indoor air quality (IAQ) in the use of combustion appliances is important for adequate evaluation of air pollution health risks. Since people spend most of their time inside buildings, especially the elderly and children, their exposure to indoor air contaminants can increase health problems in the community. Combustion materials emitted from combustion space heating appliances in housing durin...

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Air flow through electric fan heater channel is governed by coupled, non-linear partial differential equations; these equations have to be solved within on irregular domain subject to various initial and boundary conditions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) replaces fluid flow equations by a set of algebraic equations, these algebraic equations can be solved using digital computers. Wall to a...

In this paper, performance analysis of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) greenhouse air heater and dryer has been carried out. Analytical expressions have been developed for • greenhouse air temperature, instantaneous and overall energy and exergy efficiencies for without load and • instantaneous exergy efficiency with load under forced mode operation. An experimental validation has been car...

the steady state effect of vertical fins is assessed on a photovoltaic/thermal solar air heater having a double pass configuration in which fins are placed in the lower channel perpendicular to the direction ofair flow. air passes through the upper channel of the air heater and before passing in the opposite direction through the lower channel. the effects of design, climatic and operating para...

Investigations for the melt growth gallium-antimonide (GaSb) semiconductor crystals are underway at the US Air Force Research Laboratory at Hanscom Air Force Base by the vertical gradient freeze (VGF) method utilizing a submerged heater. Electromagnetic stirring can be induced in the gallium-antimonide melt just above the crystal growth interface by applying a weak radial electric current in th...

A planar Bi–Sb multijunction thermal converter was fabricated on the LPCVD Si3N4/SiO2/Si3N4-diaphragm, prepared by silicon bulk micromachining, which thermally isolated a bifilar Ptor NiCr-heater and the hot junctions of a Bi–Sb thermopile from the silicon substrate. The voltage responsivity, the ac–dc transfer difference, and the fluctuations of the output thermoelectric voltage and heater res...

This paper deals with realization and implementation of a new type fractional order controllers (FOC) based on programmable logic controllers series BR 2005 and their utilization to temperature control with big time constant. As the object was used electrical heater, where controlled value is the temperature of hot air, which is fluctuant from heater.