in this literature, a combined method has been employed to simultaneously reducesmoke (soot) and oxide of nitrogen (nox) and maintain the performance parameters of dieselengine. this includes creating an air jet by designing an air-cell inside the piston body, advancedinjection timing and using cold exhaust gas recirculation. the tested engine was an mt4.244engine that worked as natural aspirat...

Three aspects, such as the optimization of calculation model for the minimum gas injection rate, the effect of elevation on the minimum gas injection rate, the effect of air humidity on the minimum gas injection rate, have been reviewed in this paper. Considering the influence of altitude and air humidity, correction factor for gas injection rate is calculated. The value of gas injection for al...

PURPOSE Presently, no standardized technique exists to monitor injection pressures during peripheral nerve blocks. Our objective was to determine if a compressed air injection technique, using an in vitro model based on Boyle's law and typical regional anesthesia equipment, could consistently maintain injection pressures below a 1293 mmHg level associated with clinically significant nerve injur...

An improved method of sample injection was demonstrated for introducing ultra-low volume liquid on a microfabricated device. In our previous study, a pressure-driven injection method has been introduced and was applied to on-chip electrophoresis. In this study, the need for control of the air vent, which was indispensable for sample injection in the previous study, was completely eliminated, fa...

Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) can substantially reduce the amount of irrigation water needed for corn production. However, corn yields need to be improved to offset the initial cost of drip installation. Air-injection is at least potentially applicable to the (SDI) system. However, the vertical stream of emitted air moving above the emitter outlet directly toward the surface creates a chimne...

Many existing phenomena in nature are considered new design ideas in various fields of industry. Bionics is the application of biological methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology. By performing bionic review, the researchers found the penguins by delivering air locked under their wings and creating air bubbles, the drag significant...

The air-injection as an active flow stabilizing techniques, were numerically examined in current work, during the aerodynamic behavior and the characteristics of an axial compressor. At first, in design condition the characteristic curve was numerically captured for a specified test compressor. The computed results showed good agreements with those obtained from the experiments, to validate the...

A high pressure combined air-fuel injection system is designed and tested for an experimental free liquid-piston engine compressor. The application discussed utilizes available high pressure air from the compressor’s reservoir, and high pressure fuel to mix and then inject into a combustion chamber. This paper addresses the modeling, design and control for this particular high-pressure air-fuel...

Propane combustion in a trapped vortex combustor (TVC) is characterized via large eddy simulation coupled with filtered mass density function. A computational algorithm based on high order finite difference (FD) schemes, is employed to solve the Eulerian filtered compressible Navier-Stokes equations. In contrast, a Lagrangian Monte-Carlo solver based on the filtered mass density function is inv...

The injection of air or water into the scrotum has been described only a few times so far in the literature. Injection of air into the penis and its consequences has not been described at all. Here, we present the case of a young man who, acting on his previously suppressed sexual fantasies, injected air into his penis and caused generalized subcutaneous emphysema.