background: s. alopecuroides, z. officinale and m. officinalis are used traditionally in the treatment of pain. objective: to evaluate the plants effects in the rat formalin test and their activity on the opioid receptors. methods: each rat was placed individually in a cage for 30 min to get acclimated. then 0.05 ml of 10% formalin was injected subcutaneously into the dorsal surface of the righ...

background and aims : adverse drug reactions (adrs) are one of the major leading causes of death in the world. this study was designed and conducted because of the importance of adverse events in the cancer treatment setting and regarding this issue there is no study exploring adverse reactions of acute hematologic malignancy chemotherapy in iranian population. methods : this was a prospective,...

hepatic toxicity is the most serious adverse effect of anti tuberculosis drugs. this study was performed to evaluate efficacy of silymarin as a hepatoprotective herbal agent. in a randomized double blind clinical trial 70 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into two groups. the intervention group was assigned to receive silymarin and the control group received placebo. tuberculosis...

thrombolytic agents are among the medications that are used widely for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders and myocardial infarction (mi). despite the world-wide availability of newer specific agents, streptokinase (sk) is still the most frequently used medication from this class in iran. hence we conducted this study to review the adverse reactions to this medication which were reported ...

backgrounds : drug related problems can be defined as any event (or) circumstance involving the drug treatment, which interferes or potentially interferes with the patient in achieving an optimum outcome of medical care. the aim of the study was to identify drug therapy problems and to assess the pharmacist interventions in patients with cardiovascular diseases. methods: the inpatient case reco...

BACKGROUND Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) vary from life-threatening anaphylaxis to minor common side-effects. OBJECTIVE To provide an overview on the assessment of ADRs. To discuss the features of what may be described as a 'reaction to a drug' in order to highlight those suggestive of allergy, side-effect or intolerance, and what implications this might have for the future use or avoidance o...

magnetic resonance imaging (mri) contrast agents most commonly agents used in diagnosing different diseases. several agents have been ever introduced with different peculiar characteristics. they vary in potency, adverse reaction and other specification, so it is important to select the proper agent in different situations. we conducted a systematic literature search in medline/pubmed, web of s...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 drug‑drug interactions (ddis) are one of the commonest causes of medication error in developed countries, particularly in the elderly due to poly‑therapy, with a prevalence of 20‑40%. in particular, poly‑therapy increases the complexity of therapeutic management and thereby the risk of clinically important ddis, wh...