It was reported recently that the endogenous digitalis-like factor ouabain may mainly originate from the adrenal gland. To ascertain the pathophysiological significance of endogenous ouabain and to examine if it originates in the adrenal gland, we determined plasma immunoreactive ouabain levels in patients with various cardiovascular and endocrine diseases. Plasma immunoreactive ouabain levels ...

testosterone enanthate (te) is used by many athletes as a muscle builder. previous studies showed that high concentration of the drug in plasma may affect the natural function of endocrine glands, specially the secretion of the adrenocortical hormones. the objective of the present study was to examine the effects of high concentration of te on histometrical structure of adrenal cortex in male r...

Bladder cancer is the most prevalent malignancy of the urinary tract. About 90% of bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas. Seventy percent of cases newly diagnosed are superficial diseases; roughly 30% of newly diagnosed cases are muscle-invasive metastatic diseases. Bladder urothelial carcinoma primarily metastasizes into regional lymph nodes and then into liver, lung, mediastinum, bone, an...

ninety six pairs of adrenal glands from lori – bakhtiari sheep and goat, aged 6 month to 1 year and 1 – 1.5 year from borujen abattoir were collected. after collecting the glands and weighting them, some parameters such as: length, wide and thickness of left and right side by caliper device were measured. in histological studies, after tissue preparation and staining with h&e;, cortical zones a...

primary adrenal lymphoma is extremely rare. we report a case with primary bilateral adrenal lym-phoma in a young male patient. he presented with abdominal pain and weight loss. pathologic study revealed malignant lymphoma, diffuse large cell type (t- cell origin). patient recieved combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy but 22 months after diagnosis died because of progression of dis ease

pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine‑producing tumor. there are a very few reported cases of clinical pheochromocytoma. here, we report a 27‑year‑old woman para 1 live 1 with chief complaint of headache, confusion, nausea, and vomiting 2 days after cesarean section. she was anxious and had palpitation. on physical examination, fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, high blood pressure, and right thyroid...

Among extrahepatic tissues the adrenal gland has one of the highest concentrations of apoE mRNA and the highest rate of apoE synthesis. In the present investigation several previously described in vivo treatments were used to assess the relationship between apoE expression and cellular cholesterol in the rat adrenal gland. Treatment of rats with 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (4-APP) to lower...

Abstract The pathophysiology of COVID comprises an exaggerated pro-inflammatory response. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has a crucial role in various inflammatory conditions and modulated immunological Limited evidence is available regarding the incidence effect HPA dysfunction COVID-19. Although cortisol levels have only been estimated few studies, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (D...

Adrenal gland pseudocysts are not common conditions, and most of them are nonfunctional and asymptomatic. However, large pseudocysts may causes abdominal discomfort and have compressive effects on adjacent organs. They may rupture spontaneously or after trauma, and lead to retroperitoneal hemorrhage and surgical emergency. Herein, we report a case of 21-year-old female who presented with acute ...