The crystal structure of the nitrosomethane adduct of human Hb shows N-binding of the MeNO ligands to heme Fe. The structure of the EtNO adduct reveals a surprising 4.9 Å heme slippage in the β subunit, and explains the ability of C-nitroso compounds to degrade Hb removing it from circulation.

3-Nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA), a suspected human carcinogen occurring in diesel exhaust and air pollution, and its human metabolite 3-aminobenzanthrone (3-ABA) were investigated for their ability to induce biotransformation enzymes in rat liver and the influence of such induction on DNA adduct formation by the compounds. Rats were treated (i.p.) with 0.4, 4, or 40 mg/kg body weight 3-NBA or 3-ABA...

Treatment of acetyl- 1,4-benzoquinone with isoprene gave the corresponding regioselective adduct (I). Rearrangement of the adduct (1) in pyridine and methanol gave 2-acetyl-5, 8-dihydro-6-methyl- 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene (2). Silver oxide oxidation of the rearranged product (2) gave 2-acetyl-5,8-dihydro- 6-methyl- 1,4naphthalenedione (3). Regioselective addition of trans-piperylene to this...

2-Hydroxy-3-butynoic acid is a suicide substrate for Mycobacterium smegmatis lactate oxidase. Inactivation occurs by covalent modification of enzyme-bound FMN and does not involve labeling of the apoprotein. The spectrum of the enzyme bound adduct suggests that it is a 4a, 5-dihydroflavin derivative. When this adduct is released from the enzyme, a complex mixture of unstable compounds is obtain...

Particulate matter of vehicle exhaust is known to contain carcinogenic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and is suggested to increase lung cancer risk in humans. This study examines the differences in diesel and gasoline-derived PAH binding to DNA in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). Particulate matter (PM) of gasoline exhaust was collected from passenger ...

Human DNA adduct formation (covalent modification of DNA with chemical carcinogens) is a promising biomarker for elucidating the molecular epidemiology of cancer. Classes of compounds for which human DNA adducts have been observed include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrosamines, mycotoxins, aromatic amines, heterocyclic amines, ultraviolet light, and alkylating cancer chemotherape...

Transplacental transfer of genotoxic material has been determined by measuring the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-albumin adduct level in serum isolated from the mother and the umbilical cord blood using a competitive enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) and the antibody (8E11( against benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) tetrols. Smoking women (median = 5.54 fmol B[a]P eq/micrograms albumin; n = 21 ...

Bitumens fumes contain polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC). There is a possibility of long-term health effects following chronic exposure by inhalation or skin contamination in asphalt road pavers and highway maintenance workers. Epidemiological and experimental studies on this topic are reviewed and the possible causes of cancer discussed with a primary focus on heterocyclic polyaromatic compo...

treatment of acetyl- 1,4-benzoquinone with isoprene gave the corresponding regioselective adduct (i). rearrangement of the adduct (1) in pyridine and methanol gave 2-acetyl-5, 8-dihydro-6-methyl- 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene (2). silver oxide oxidation of the rearranged product (2) gave 2-acetyl-5,8-dihydro- 6-methyl- 1,4naphthalenedione (3). regioselective addition of trans-piperylene to this comp...

Several compounds originating from cruciferous vegetables and citrus fruits bind to and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). This receptor plays an important role in the toxicity of the known tumour promoter and potent AhR-agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). However, vegetables and fruits are generally considered as healthy. Therefore, besides the AhR activation, the na...