A method of alleviating processing distortion caused by spectral subtraction is presented. It is well known that the spectral subtraction introduces annoying artifacts, which are referred to as undesirable musical noise, in the enhanced speech. The enhancement quality of the spectral subtraction quite depends on the performance of reducing the musical noise. Our approach exploits an adaptive fi...

In this study, we propose an Adaptive Sub-Band Spectral Subtraction (ASBSS) method which can vary noise subtraction rate according to SNR in frequency bands at each frame. In the conventional Spectral Subtraction(SS), speech spectral is estimated by adjusting noise subtraction rate according to SNR. In general, SNR is defined and computed as the average over all the input speech signal. However...

This paper reviews papers on tracking people in a video surveillance system, and it presents a new system designed for being able to cope with shadows in a real-time application for counting people which is one of the remaining main problems in adaptive background subtraction in such video surveillance systems. 1 Reveal Ltd., Level 1, Tudor Mall, 333 Remuera Rd, Auckland, New Zealand 2 CITR, De...

Moving object segmentation has its own niche as an important topic in computer vision. It has avidly being pursued by researchers. Background subtraction method is generally used for segmenting moving objects. This method may also classify shadows as part of detected moving objects. Therefore, shadow detection and removal is an important step employed after moving object segmentation. However, ...

In this paper, a pixel-based background modeling method, which uses nonparametric kernel density estimation, is proposed. To reduce the burden of image storage, we modify the original KDE method by using the first frame to initialize it and update it subsequently at every frame by controlling the learning rate according to the situations. We apply an adaptive threshold method based on image cha...

Internal multiples have long been recognized as a problem in seismic imaging. Some theoretical developments have been made to attenuate them, but there is no 3D theory as yet that is valid for a wide range of velocity models. The goal of this paper is to present such a theory. Through the development of this theory we show that, unless certain simplifying assumptions are made about the velocity...

We propose three new adaptive noise suppression algorithms for enhancing noise-corrupted speech: smoothed spectral subtraction (SSS), vector quantization of line spectral frequencies (VQ-LSF), and modiied Wiener ltering (MWF). SSS is an improved version of the well-known spectral subtraction algorithm, while the other two methods are based on generalized Wiener ltering. We have compared these t...

Though spectral subtraction has widely been used for speech enhancement, the spectral order β set in spectral subtraction is generally fixed to some constants, resulting in the performance limitation to a certain degree. In this paper, we first analyze the performance of the β-order generalized spectral subtraction in terms of the gain function to highlight its dependence on the value of spectr...