BACKGROUND The term kernicterus, or bilirubin encephalopathy, is used to describe pathological bilirubin staining of the basal ganglia, brain stem, and cerebellum, and is associated with hyperbilirubinemia. Kernicterus generally occurs in untreated hyperbilirubinemia or cases where treatment is delayed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based studies have shown characteristic findings in kernict...

Background: Bilirubin encephalopathy is a clinical syndrome, associated with bilirubin toxicity in the central nervous system, resulting in chronic and permanent sequelae. It has been estimated that approximately 60% and 80% of term and preterm newborns develop jaundice in the first week of life, respectively. In the present study, we aimed to determine the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality ...

Abstract Background Hepatic encephalopathy exacerbates the morbidity, delays hospital discharge, and increases rate of readmissions cirrhotic patients, particularly those are admitted by acute variceal bleeding. We evaluated performance albumin-bilirubin score in prediction hepatic patients with bleeding, comparison to Child-Pugh MELD scores. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 250 w...

background: bilirubin encephalopathy is a clinical syndrome, associated with bilirubin toxicity in the central nervous system, resulting in chronic and permanent sequelae. it has been estimated that approximately 60% and 80% of term and preterm newborns develop jaundice in the first week of life, respectively. in the present study, we aimed to determine the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality ...

Background: The effects of magnesium physiology are contradictory to the neurotoxic effect of bilirubin, but the relationship between magnesium level and hyperbilirubinemia in neonates has not been well studied. In this study, we investigated the relationship between serum magnesium level and hyperbilirubinemia and hyperbilirubinemia complications at the Children’s Medical Center. Methods: In ...

acute gastroenteritis (age) is a serious disease and is one of the most important causes of early childhood mortality in developing countries. the neurologic manifestations can be propounded as primary symptoms of age. in order to determine the rate, clinical presentations, and outcome of patients with age who presented with neurologic manifestations and compare them with patients without neuro...

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening condition characterized by jaundice, encephalopathy and coagulopathy leading to multiorgan failure in a patient with no prior history of liver disease. Forty three consecutive patients of ALF admitted in Pediatric ICU were studied for etiology and prognostic factors. Etiology was established in 91% cases. Viral infections were the most common caus...

Jaundice occurs in most newborn infants. Most jaundice is benign, but because of the potential toxicity of bilirubin, newborn infants must be monitored to identify those who might develop severe hyperbilirubinemia and, in rare cases, acute bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. The focus of this guideline is to reduce the incidence of severe hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin encephalopathy whi...