Tehran, the capital city of Iran and a metropolis with a population of 8.2 million and containing 2.4 million households, generated 2,626,519 tons of solid waste in 2005. The present study is aimed at evaluating the generation, characteristics and management of solid waste in Tehran. Municipal solid waste comprises more than 97% of Tehran's solid waste, while three other types of solid waste co...

Solid-waste management is a major challenge in urban areas throughout the world. Solid waste management is associated with controlling the generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of solid wastes in a manner that is in accordance with the best principles of sustainability. It includes all administrative, financial, legal, planning and engineering function...

BACKGROUND Finnish and Swedish waste water systems used by the forest industry were found to be exceptionally heavily contaminated with legionellae in 2005. CASE PRESENTATION We report two cases of severe pneumonia in employees working at two separate mills in Finland in 2006. Legionella serological and urinary antigen tests were used to diagnose Legionnaires' disease in the symptomatic emplo...

Cold–active polygalacturonase and amylase producers were screened using enrichment culture technique. The diverse sources screened were cold stored spoilt fruits and vegetables from different local super markets, market waste dumped soils, fruit waste dumped soils, mountain soils and Himalayan soils. About sixty yeasts showing pectinolytic activity were isolated by ruthenium red plate assay. Ei...

The Informal Sector in Solid Waste is a Global Phenomenon 1. There are active informal solid waste sectors in cities of widely varying demographic, socioeconomic and geographic characteristics. 2. In spite of specific and measurable differences in the set-up and effectiveness of the formal solid waste systems in the six cities, and the degree to which these are modernised or privatised, there i...

It is crucial to achieve effective solid waste management involving not only formal/government agencies, but also individual/informal/voluntary actions in order to create a healthy environment. This study conducted to unveil the factors that increase individuals’ community participation in solid waste management policy. The data were matched with a literature review on existing waste policies t...

Waste oil is an inexpensive source for biodiesel production, but the high amount of impurities present (free fatty acids, oxidation products) impedes its practical application. The aim of this work is to assess the purification efficiency of the adsorption process with eggshell and its active carbon. Carbonization of eggshell was done at 200 ºC for 4 hours. For activation of the resultant carbo...

BNFL owns and operates the UK’s principal solid Low Level Radioactive Waste disposal site at Drigg in Cumbria, north west England. Drigg has been receiving waste since 1959 with approximately 900,000 m 3 of waste disposed of to date. Waste accepted for disposal at Drigg comes in a variety of forms including rubble, spoil, redundant equipment, scrap and process waste, and typically contains sign...

Blood lead levels (BLL) in children are associated with lead in soil and represent a major public health problem; however, there are few reports of lead contamination related to mining waste sites in Mexico. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the State of Guerrero to identify the association between proximity of residence to mining site waste and BLL in children. The impact of t...