background: pistachio is a plant that has long been cultivated in different parts of iran. pistachios are very nutritious and contain vitamins e and b, flavonoids, antioxidants, and carotenoids. since the pistachio is effective in the treatment of some neurological disorders and is indigenous to iran and considering the substantial use of this nut, it is necessary to investigate its effects on ...

background: studies have shown that individuals with fertility problems experience psychosocial problems. the use of various coping strategies seems to have different impacts on women with infertility stress. the aim of this study was to examine the role of coping strategies (active-avoidance, passive-avoidance, active-confronting and meaning based) in predicting infertility stress among a grou...

the central cholinergic system has been associated with cognitive function and memory and acetylcholine plays an important role during the early stages of memory consolidation. in this study, after training mice were tested with one way active avoidance procedure and retention were tested at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours of training and compared with non-shocked mice, in which it took 24 hours, a s...

There are several conflicting evidences showing the effect of morphine on learning and memory processes. In the present study the effect of chronic morphine administration on passive avoidance, active avoidance and spatial learning and memory of morphine dependent male rats using Passive Avoidance shuttle box and Morris Water Maze tasks were investigated, respectively. Male rats received morphi...

conclusions according to the results of this study, administration of vitamin e to rats counteracts the negative effects of pb on learning and memory. to more precisely extrapolate these findings to humans, future clinical studies are warranted. results the results showed that pb caused impairment in acquisition and retrieval processes in passive avoidance learning. vitamin e reversed learning ...

Introduction: Lead intoxication in children has been associated with neurodevelopment disabilities that may result in motor and cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate in long term effects of prenatal exposure to low-level Pb2+ on learning, memory and EEG. Materials & Methods: Rat pregnant were exposed to distilled water or 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 % of Pb-acetate in the dr...

The authors examined the relationships between 2 "personality" dimensions (Approach and Fear Avoidance) and 2-way active avoidance learning performance in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Contrary to expectations (based on prior rodent studies), higher fearfulness facilitated both earlier appearance and acquisition of the shuttlebox avoidance responses, especially in the less exploratory and ac...

The role of the magnocellular reticular formation (MGRF) of the brainstem on learning and memory was examined in memory-deficient mice with spontaneous spongy degeneration in the brainstem (senescence-accelerated mouse, SAMP8) and control mice (accelerated-senescence resistant mouse, SAMR 1). SAMP8 showed spontaneous age-related impairment of learning and memory, as determined by passive and ac...

purpose previous studies have shown that physical activity improves learning and memory. present study was performed to determine the effects of short term and long term treadmill exercise on learning, memory consolidation and retrieval of passive avoidance learning in an animal model. methods in this study fifty male wistar rats with 3-4 months of age were randomly divided into five groups (n=...