Morale can be defined as the professional interest and enthusiasm a person displays towards the achievement of individual and group goals in a given job situation (Bentley & Rempel, 1980). Morale is set within the framework of organizational theory with an individual progressing toward the achievement of organizational tasks and his or her perceived job satisfaction within the total organizatio...

The possible involvement of a specific overt behaviour pattern in the pathogenesis of clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) has been under careful study. The characteristics of this overt behaviour pattern, called Behaviour Pattern A, have been described previously (Friedman and Rosenman, 1959). In brief, it is 6haracterized by extremes of competitiveness, striving for achievement, aggressivene...

The current study examined the relationship between conscientiousness, work status, and volunteering utilizing two large samples, the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). It was hypothesized that conscientious adults who were retired would be more likely to volunteer because, after retirement, they gain a substantial amount of free time, whil...

Goal striving and achievement can be undermined when individuals have a competing desire to protect a cherished self-view. When individuals are more concerned with avoiding the negative implications of a likely failure than with self-improvement, they may ignore negative information or even go so far as to purposefully undermine their own performance. For example, self-handicapping involves cre...

Learning styles are considered as an important factor in education, however, often students have to learn from material or in courses which do not support their learning styles. A challenge in the area of adaptivity is not only to provide learners with courses that fit the students’ learning styles but can also veer towards supporting students to learn in courses that does not match their learn...

Objective: In Iran few studies have investigated the association among the dimensions of perfectionism with the academic achievement and other psychopathologies, such as depression and anxiety. This study has investigated these relationships in an Iranian school-age sample. Methods: Using multistage cluster random sampling, 793 students completed the questionnaire anonymously in the classroom i...

Human motivation for social status may reflect an evolved psychological adaptation that increased individual reproductive success in the evolutionary past. However, the association between status striving and reproduction in contemporary humans is unclear. It may be hypothesized that personality traits related to status achievement increase fertility even if modern indicators of socioeconomic s...