one of the special liability is the liability of proprietor of building.sometime the citizen sustain a loss from the destruction of a building and for this reason in evry legal systems the proprietor or the guard of building is responsible. in the law of rom the proprietor was responsible and this liability has been entered into the article 1386 of french civil code and article 333 of iranian c...

the security of contractual relation is the important aims of contract law to the extent that is discussed as one of the fundamental principles in european law. the guarantee to protect is one of the affecting rules to establishing the security of contractual relation that in the iranian civil code under the incomplete influence of islamic and french law, is based on the protection of ownership...

the law of the continental europe is considered an offspring of the roman law. in the roman law the “fault” was considered as the basis of liability. the doctrine of fault was included in the french civil code of 1804 through the roman law, and from there, made its way into the laws of other european and non-european countries. according to the instruction of the holy prophet of islam (pbuh), i...

the iranian civil code has limited the effects of unknown condition to nullification of such condition provided that it results in ignorance with respect to consideration. the code conveys no explicit provision concerning the effect of such condition not resulting in the ignorance. unknown condition refers to a condition on which there is not complete and comprehensive knowledge. this article l...

the principle of tort law is that the liability is based on the act prejudicial that in iranian law in conformity with the article 1 of tort law code and in french law in conformity with the article 1382 of civil code, this act must be guilty. the harmful act in determining responsible in tort law is necessary. if the chain of causes of action for compensation for damaging responsible is a pers...

one of the principles of the responsibilities is that responsibility is personal. the principle of vezr denotes that responsibility is personal. but sometimes there is a vicarious liability. in french law until 1991 the vicarious liability was un exception and the article of 1384 of civil code of french has been interpreted limitedly. from 1991the exception has been changed into the principle. ...