the aim of the present research is to survey the effects of environmental and biological factors on rutilus frisii kutum migration in the southwest region of caspian sea. for this purpose sampling was carried out by gillnet cooperatives company in tonekabon city  from november 2013 to april 2014. the total catch per unit effort  was calculated as 220 kg. rutilus frisii kutum  contains 69% of th...

Biomass of legumes grown as catch crops improves soil properties and thus soil conditions for following crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grown as a catch crop and used for green manure on soil properties and yielding of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Field experiments were conducted in 2008-2011 in the randomized block design with ...

Fishery managers are faced with the challenge of maintaining sustainable fisheries at the lowest possible cost while conforming to international and national obligations. Given that fisheries range from low to high value, there is a real need to understand how to trade ecological and economic risks, and the various costs associated with their management, against the benefits from catch. Key to ...

Quantifying scientific uncertainty in estimating an appropriate catch level for a fish stock is challenging. Multiple sources of error can easily be identified, including measurement error that is conditioned on the adopted model, model specification error, forecast error, and uncertainty about overall stock productivity. In addition, there are without doubt other unknown factors that will nega...

The Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act of 2006 (MSRA) requires that each Fishery Management Plan in the United States “establish a mechanism for specifying annual catch limits . . . at a level such that overfishing does not occur in the fishery . . .” (MSRA, 2006). This requirement, which ref lects an increased emphasis on conservation, is new in the sense ...

(5) How the establishment of the experimental population may contribute to recovery of the UC spring-run Chinook salmon ESU as a whole; (6) The extent to which the experimental population would be affected by current or future Federal, state, or private actions within or adjacent to the experimental population area; (7) Current programs within the experimental population area that protect fish ...

Under increasing tensile load, the lifetime of a single catch bond counterintuitively increases up to a maximum and then decreases exponentially like a slip bond. So far, the characteristics of single catch bond dissociation have been extensively studied. However, it remains unclear how a cluster of catch bonds behaves under tensile load. We perform computational analysis on the following model...

This paper examines the incidence and correlates of linear growth catch up in early childhood among stunted children, using a range of definitions of catch up. Catch-up growth between two and five years of age is defined in both absolute terms (i.e. the centimetre height deficit from the healthy reference population mean is reduced) and relative terms (the height-for-age z-score improved or pas...

In biological adhesion, the biophysical mechanism of specific biomolecular interaction can be divided in slip and catch bonds, respectively. Conceptually, slip bonds exhibit a reduced bond lifetime under increased external force and catch bonds, in contrast, exhibit an increased lifetime (for a certain force interval). Since 2003, a handful of biological systems have been identified to display ...