Solving the evolutionary relationships of the acanthodians is one of the key problems in reconstructing ancestral anatomical conditions for the jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes). Current debate concerns whether acanthodians are an assemblage of stem chondrichthyans, or a more generalized grade encompassing some early stem osteichthyans. The skull anatomy of Acanthodes bronni has been pivotal in ...

Background: Data suggest that V. arctostaphylos, B. thunbergii var. atropurpurea, E. angustifolia and L. acanthodes may prevent gastric ulcers induced by Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Objective: To explore the ulcer-protective potential of these plants in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Methods: Saline, hydro-alcoholic extract of each plant (100, 400, 800 mg/...

background: data suggest that v. arctostaphylos, b. thunbergii var. atropurpurea, e. angustifolia and l. acanthodes may prevent gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids). objective: to explore the ulcer-protective potential of these plants in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. methods: saline, hydro-alcoholic extract of each plant (100, 400, 800 mg/kg) a...